Macrofungi

Covers mushrooms and other non-lichenized fungi that form multicellular fruiting bodies large enough to be seen with the unaided eye.

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Common names beginning with S:
Dark elfin saddle (Helvella atra)
Dryad's saddle (Polyporus squamosus)
Elfin saddle (Helvella vespertina)
Felt saddle (Helvella macropus)
White saddle (Helvella crispa)
Saddleback (Helvella crispa)
Salmon salad (Guepinia helvelloides)
Fuzzy sandozi (Bridgeoporus nobilissimus)
Distribution: B. nobilissimus is very rare, known only from forests of western Washington and Oregon, and is a protected species in both states.
Habitat: Occurs primarily on very old noble fir, at the base of living trees and snags or on top of stumps.
The sandy (Tricholoma populinum)
Satyr's-beard (Hericium erinaceus)
Red saucer (Melastiza chateri)
Scaly sawgill (Neolentinus lepideus)
Distribution: N. lepideus is not common in natural habitats, but can be found on conifer logs and stumps in some areas. It is a brown-rot fungus and is more commonly encountered on construction timbers, railroad ties, and, in the past, on automobile frames when they were made of wood. It can occur almost any time but is most common in summer and fall.
Giant sawtooth (Neolentinus ponderosus)
Aspen scaber-stalk (Leccinum insigne)
Habitat: Associated with aspen
Common scaber-stalk (Leccinum scabrum)
Habitat: Common in urban and suburban settings and less so in natural habitats. Occurs with birch.
Red-capped scaber-stalk (Leccinum aurantiacum)
Aspen scaberstalk (Leccinum aurantiacum)
Birch scaberstalk (Leccinum scabrum)
Habitat: Common in urban and suburban settings and less so in natural habitats. Occurs with birch.
Charcoal scalecap (Pholiota carbonaria)
Bonfire scaly-cap (Pholiota highlandensis)
Charcoal scaly-cap (Pholiota carbonaria)
Conifer scaly-cap (Pholiota astragalina)
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Occurs widely in the temperate and boreal areas of the Northern Hemisphere.
Flaming scaly-cap (Pholiota flammans)
Golden scaly-cap (Pholiota aurivella)
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Northern temperate and boreal forests
Golden scalycap (Pholiota aurivella)
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Northern temperate and boreal forests
Scarlet-splash (Cytidia salicina)
Golden Scleroderma (Scleroderma citrinum)
Gray shag (Coprinopsis cinerea)
Shaggy-mane (Coprinus comatus)
Shaggy-stem (Floccularia luteovirens)
Velvet shank (Flammulina velutipes)
Branched shanklet (Dendrocollybia racemosa)
Lentil shanklet (Collybia tuberosa)
Piggyback shanklet (Collybia cirrhata)
Splitpea shanklet (Collybia cookei)
Sulphur shelf (Laetiporus conifericola)
Habitat: living trees, logs, stumps, snags, and even utility poles.
Deer shield (Pluteus cervinus)
Distribution: Grows on a variety of woody substrates, including sawdust and wood chips, and can be found throughout the year when temperature and moisture are conducive. It often is one of the early spring species at lower elevations.
Ghost shield (Pluteus pellitus)
Goldleaf shield (Pluteus romellii)
Veined shield (Pluteus thomsonii)
Willow shield (Pluteus salicinus)
Burn site shield cup (Ascobolus carbonarius)
Description: Fruitbody 3-6 mm wide, rounded and cup-shaped when young, becoming shallowly cup-shaped when mature, stalkless; inner surface greenish at first, soon becoming brown and finally purple-brown, conspicuously dotted by the ends of protruding asci; outer surface coarsely scurfy, yellowish green at first, soon becoming dark brown.
Substrate: Burned ground
Spores: Spring, summer, and fall
Shooting-star (Sphaerobolus stellatus)
The sickener (Russula emetica)
Description: Cap is scarlet to cherry-red and the top layer peels easily. Gills are white. Stipe is white as well and smooth to finely and irregularly ridged.
Habitat: damp or wet woodlands, with conifers in particular
Lake's slipperycap (Suillus lakei)
Habitat: Occurs under Douglas fir.
Pale slipperycap (Suillus neoalbidipes)
Pine slipperycap (Suillus pseudobrevipes)
Devil's snuffbox (Lycoperdon perlatum)
Habitat: L. perlatum can be found in disturbed sites, such as forest roadsides, from late summer through fall whenever there is sufficient moisture.
False Sparassis (Peziza proteana)
Sphere-thrower (Sphaerobolus stellatus)
Larch spike (Gomphidius maculatus)
Slimy spike (Gomphidius glutinosus)
Rose spindles (Clavaria rosea)
Description: Clavaria rosea oriduces smooth, tubular or flattened, unbranched fruitbodies that have pointed tips and an indistinct stem. The are bright rose-pink, paler or whitish toward the base. The flesh is hollow and very fragile.
Habitat: grassland or woodlands
Substrate: moss and grass or leaf litter
Smoky spindles (Clavaria fumosa)
Origin: Native
White spindles (Clavaria fragilis)
Description: Clavaria fragilis produces smooth, tubular or slightly flattened, unbranched fruitbodies with pointed tips. they normally grow gregariously in large clusters. As the common name indicates, they are white, sometimes yellowing or browning at the tips when old.
Habitat: grassland and wodland
Substrate: moss and grass or leaf litter
Blue spine (Hydnellum caeruleum)
Distribution: Broad
Orange spine (Hydnellum aurantiacum)
Distribution: Broad
Sweet spine (Hydnellum suaveolens)
Deep splashcup (Cyathus olla)
Ribbed splashcup (Cyathus striatus)
Habitat: It can be common in gardens where woody materials have been added to the planting beds.
Substrate: Cyathus striatus occurs in a number of different habitats on decaying plant materials such as wood chips, small branches, and needles.
Split-gill (Schizophyllum commune)
Black spot (Diplocarpon rosae)
Coral spot (Nectria cinnabarina)
Spruce tooth (Bankera violascens)
Description: Bankera violascens has a smooth, then scaly, irregularly lobed cap, which is whitish at first becoming purplish brown with age. The spines below are whitish to gray and 1/4 inches long. The stem is brownish purple, though white at the very top, and normally tapers to the base. The flesh is tinted lilac in the cap, and darker purplish brown in the stem.
Habitat: conifer woodland
Stag's-horn (Xylaria hypoxylon)
Habitat: Occurs on rotting wood.
Small staghorn (Calocera cornea)
Description: Calocera cornea is a wood-inhabiting jelly-fungus. Its growth in large troops on rotting logs and small size set it apart from the other club-fungi. Microscopically, its spores are divided by a crosswall and are produced on basidia that are shaped like tuning forks or wishbones. It occurs throughout much of the world. C. viscosa is closely related, but is brighter in color, coralloid, and occurs on conifer wood.
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Occurs on conifer wood
Substrate: Stumps, dead and fallen branches, and logs, in troops
Yellow staghorn (Calocera viscosa)
Distribution: It is common, but rarely abundant, in western North America, as well as in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: Occurs on rotting conifer wood in the forests
Yellow stagshorn (Calocera viscosa)
Description: Claocera viscosa produces rubbery-gelatinous, coralloid fruitbodies branching repeatedly from a short, central stem. The tips of the branches are normally pointed and often shortly forked. Fresh specimens are a bright egg-yolk yellow, drying a deep orange. The whole fruitbody becomes hard and tough when dry.
Substrate: stumps, fallen branches and logs.
Green stain (Chlorociboria aeruginascens)
Distribution: Broad Across North America, Europe, and Asia
Spores: spores (5--8 x 1--2 µm)
Formosa stainer (Ramaria maculatipes)
Sweet formosa stainer (Ramaria rubribrunnescens)
Hollow stalk (Suillus cavipes)
Habitat: associated with larch when it occurs in the PNW.
Steinpilz (Boletus edulis)
Habitat: Occurs with conifers.
Hairy Stereum (Stereum hirsutum)
Stalked Stereum (Cotylidia diaphana)
Sandy stiltball (Battarrea phalloides)
Description: The Sandy Stiltball emerges from a whitish, buried “egg” that may remain at the stem base or disintegrate. The cap or head is covered by a white, membranous skin at first, but this later splits apart to reveal a rusty brown spore mass. The stem is hard, dry, shaggy-scaly, and pale brown.
Habitat: Dry woodland, scrub, and desert
The stinker (Tricholoma sulphureum)
Distribution: widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: under both hardwoods and conifers.
Dog stinkhorn (Mutinus caninus)
Dog's stinkhorn (Mutinus caninus)
Stinkhorn (Phallus impudicus)
Fairy stool (Coltricia cinnamomea)
Description: Coltricia cinnamomea has a silky, shiny, reddish brown cap with less well defined zonation than C. perennis.
Strawberries-and-cream (Hydnellum peckii)
Silver streaks (Tricholoma virgatum)
Blue-green Stropharia (Stropharia aeruginosa)
Kauffman's Stropharia (Stropharia kauffmanii)
King Stropharia (Stropharia rugosoannulata)
Lacerated Stropharia (Stropharia hornemannii)
Distribution: It is widespread in the north temperate and boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: It sometimes occurs on intact conifer logs, but is most abundant on wood that has been more highly decomposed.
Questionable Stropharia (Stropharia ambigua)
Distribution: Confined to the PNW, including northern California.
Habitat: Primarily in forest habitats on soil and leaf litter.
Umbonate dung-dwelling Stropharia (Stropharia umbonatescens)
Wine-cap Stropharia (Stropharia rugosoannulata)
Wine-red Stropharia (Stropharia rugosoannulata)
Stubby-stalk (Suillus brevipes)
Habitat: It occurs primarily with two-needle pines during late summer and fall
Blue-staining Suillus (Suillus caerulescens)
Habitat: Occurs with Douglas fir
Chicken-fat Suillus (Suillus americanus)
Dotted-stalk Suillus (Suillus granulatus)
Douglas-fir Suillus (Suillus caerulescens)
Habitat: Occurs with Douglas fir
Hollow-stalked larch Suillus (Suillus cavipes)
Habitat: associated with larch when it occurs in the PNW.
Larch Suillus (Suillus grevillei)
Habitat: Associated with larch.
Olive-capped Suillus (Suillus subolivaceus)
Short-stalked Suillus (Suillus brevipes)
Habitat: It occurs primarily with two-needle pines during late summer and fall
Tomentose Suillus (Suillus tomentosus)
Distribution: Very common and abundant in the PNW.
Habitat: S. tomentosus occurs primarily under lodgepole and shore pines.
Western painted Suillus (Suillus lakei)
Habitat: Occurs under Douglas fir.
White Suillus (Suillus placidus)
Woolly-capped Suillus (Suillus tomentosus)
Distribution: Very common and abundant in the PNW.
Habitat: S. tomentosus occurs primarily under lodgepole and shore pines.