Species Descriptions - Burke Herbarium Image Collection

Burke Herbarium Image Collection

Vascular Plants, Macrofungi, & Lichenized Fungi of Washington

Vascular Plants

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Common names beginning with B:

469 common names

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Index to common names:

baby's-breath, baby-blue-eyes, baby-innocence, balm, balsamroot, bamboo, baneberry, barberry, barley, bartsia, basil, basil-thyme, bassia, bay, bayberry, beachweed, beakrush, bean, bean-caper, bearberry, bearbrush, beardgrass, beardtongue, beargrass, bedstraw, bee-plant, bee-thistle, beeblossom, beeplant, beggarticks, bell-heather, belladonna, bellflower, bells, belvedere, bent, bergia, berry, betony, bigsheath-pondweed, bilberry, bill, bindweed, birch, bird's-beak, bird's-foot-trefoil, bishop's-cap, bistort, bitterbrush, bittercres, bittercress, bitterroot, black-snakeroot, blackberry, blackhaw, blackthorn, bladder-sennas, bladder-vetch, bladderwort, blanketflower, blazingstar, blepharipappus, blinks, blood-drops, blue-eyes, bluebell, bluebell-of-scotland, bluebells, blueberry, Bluebuttons, bluecup, bluecurls, bluegrass, bluestem, bluet, blush, bob, bogmat, boneset, borage, boraxweed, bornweed, bouncing-bet, boxleaf, boykinia, brake, bramble, breath, brickellbush, bride's-bonnet, bristlegrass, bristlehead, brodiaea, brome, brookfoam, broom, broom-rape, broomrape, broomsedge, browntop, bryony, buck-bean, buckthorn, buckwheat, buffalo-berry, bugbane, bugle, bugleweed, bugloss, bugseed, bulrush, bunchberry, bur, bur-ragweed, bur-reed, burdock, burnet, burnweed, burr-ragweed, burrweed, bursage, buttecandle, butter-and-eggs, buttercup, butterfly-bush, butterweed, butterwort, button, buttons

False baby's-breath (Galium mollugo)
Distribution: Scattered locations in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming; widely distributed in east of the Mississippi River.
Habitat: Occurring in disturbed soil, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced

Great Basin baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila breviflora)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to south to California, east to Colorado and Montana.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, thickets, and less often in open places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Meadow baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila pedunculata)
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south to Baja California, east to Nevada and Idaho.
Habitat: Moist, open places, like meadows and bottom lands, in the foothills and lowlands, occasionally somewhat higher.
Origin: Native

Snake Canyon baby-blue-eyes (Nemophila kirtleyi)
Origin: Native

Greater baby-innocence (Tonella floribunda)
Distribution: Occurring along the southern border of Washington; Canyon of the Snake River and tributaries; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, often rocky places, at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Lesser baby-innocence (Tonella tenella)
Distribution: Along the Columbia River from the east end of the gorge to the coast, south in the Puget Trough to central California.
Habitat: Fairly moist in open to partly shaded places at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Field balm (Glechoma hederacea)
Distribution: Occurring in locations throughout Washington; introduced thoughout nearly all of North America.
Habitat: Moist woods and thickets, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and other open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Carey's balsamroot (Balsamorhiza careyana)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Open places, but not on lithosol, in the plains, foothills, and lower mountains.
Origin: Native

Deltoid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza deltoidea)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Prairies and other open areas at low elevations, mostly in the Puget Sound trough.
Origin: Native

Hairy balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native

Hare's head balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native

Hoary balsamroot (Balsamorhiza incana)
Distribution: Southeast Washington and northeast Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming
Habitat: Meadows and other moderately moist open places at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Hooker's balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low to moderate elevations, usually in lithosol (rocky, cobbly soil).
Origin: Native

Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza ×bonseri)
Distribution: Local in eastern Washington where Balsamorhiza rosea is found
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation
Origin: Native

Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza careyana × Balsamorhiza hookeri)

Hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza hookeri × Balsamorhiza sagittata)

Puget balsamroot (Balsamorhiza deltoidea)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Prairies and other open areas at low elevations, mostly in the Puget Sound trough.
Origin: Native

Rosy balsamroot (Balsamorhiza rosea)
Distribution: Occasional in Eastern Washington
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes at low elevation
Origin: Native

Serrrate balsamroot (Balsamorhiza serrata)
Distribution: Occurring primarily in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native

Toothed balsamroot (Balsamorhiza serrata)
Distribution: Occurring primarily in south-central and southeastern Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock outcrops and dry, rocky knolls.
Origin: Native

Woolly balsamroot (Balsamorhiza incana)
Distribution: Southeast Washington and northeast Oregon, east through Idaho to Montana and Wyoming
Habitat: Meadows and other moderately moist open places at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Wooly hybrid balsamroot (Balsamorhiza ×tomentosa)
Origin: Native

Wormwood balsamroot (Balsamorhiza ×terebinthacea)
Origin: Native

Broadleaf bamboo (Sasa palmata)
Distribution: Occurring in the Puget Sound lowlands in Washington; also known from Tennessee.
Habitat: Disturbed lowland areas where escaping from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced

Baneberry (Actaea rubra)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks from low elevations to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Common barberry (Berberis vulgaris)
Distribution: Introduced as an ornamental, occasionally escaping.
Habitat: Dry, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced

Darwin's barberry (Berberis darwinii)
Distribution: Occasional near the coast in Oregon and California.
Habitat: Prefers high humidity; rarely escapes cultivation
Origin: Introduced

European barberry (Berberis vulgaris)
Distribution: Introduced as an ornamental, occasionally escaping.
Habitat: Dry, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced

Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in Washington; escaped throughout central and eastern United States and Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced

Dwarf barley (Hordeum depressum)
Distribution: Introduced from Vancouver Island, British Columbia, south on both sides of the Cascades to southern California, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: A weed of waste areas, especially where moist.
Origin: Native

Little barley (Hordeum pusillum)
Distribution: Eastern Washington south to southern California, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grasslands to desert areas, often on saline soils and wasteland.
Origin: Native

Red bartsia (Odontites vulgaris)
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

Wild basil (Clinopodium vulgare)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east across North America in scattered states and provinces.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Basil-thyme (Acinos arvensis)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Bassia (Bassia hyssopifolia)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Noxious weed of waste areas and irrigated farm land.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

California bay (Umbellularia californica)
Origin: Introduced

Pacific bayberry (Morella californica)
Distribution: Along the southern half of the outer coast in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Sandy, moist areas.
Origin: Native

Silver beachweed (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Maritime shoreline from British Columbia to california
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level
Origin: Native

White beakrush (Rhynchospora alba)
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Idaho, and throughout northeastern United states.
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs and other wet places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Hog's bean (Hyoscyamus niger)
Distribution: Scattered localities on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout uNorth America from Alberta to Nevada, east to central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Syrian bean-caper (Zygophyllum fabago)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, eastward in scattered localities to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Old World

Red bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California and New Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest.
Origin: Native

Fremont's silk tassel bearbrush (Garrya fremontii)
Distribution: Along the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon; west side of the Cascades in Lane County, Oregon, south and west to the coastal ranges in California.
Habitat: Woodlands and chaparral, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Perennial beardgrass (×Agropogon lutosus)
Origin: Introduced

Barrett's beardtongue (Penstemon barrettiae)
Distribution: Endemic to the Klickitat River canyon and the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Dry soil at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Blue Mountain beardtongue (Penstemon pennellianus)
Distribution: In Washington occurring in the Blue Mountains in the southeast corner of the state; Washington south to east-central Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, rocky areas in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native

Cardwell's beardtongue (Penstemon cardwellii)
Distribution: Skamania County, Washington, south on the west slopes of the Cascades to the Klamath region of southwest Oregon, and north in the Coast Range to Tillamook County.
Habitat: Open or wooded summits or slopes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Cascade beardtongue (Penstemon serrulatus)
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist places at mid- to high elevations in the Cascades, but at lower elevations to the west
Origin: Native

Chelan beardtongue (Penstemon pruinosus)
Distribution: Chiefly on the east slope of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Washington.
Habitat: Open, rocky places from the valleys and plains to moderate elevations in the mountains, and in the scablands in Washington.
Origin: Native

Cliff beardtongue (Penstemon rupicola)
Distribution: In the Cascades of Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Rock cliffs and rocky slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Egg-leaf beardtongue (Penstemon ovatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to northern Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods below 3000 feet in elevation.
Origin: Native

Elegant beardtongue (Penstemon venustus)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington, especially in the Blue Mountains area; Washington south to California and Utah, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open, rocky slopes, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Fine-tooth beardtongue (Penstemon subserratus)
Origin: Native

Glaucous beardtongue (Penstemon euglaucus)
Distribution: In Washington from Mt. Adams south; Washington south to central Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, open or sparsely wooded slopes at moderate elevations to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native

Lesser yellow beardtongue (Penstemon confertus)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open woods at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Rockvine beardtongue (Penstemon ellipticus)
Distribution: Southwest Alberta, southeast British Columbia, northern Idaho and northwest Montana.
Habitat: Rocky places at high elevations in the mountains, often on cliffs, ledges, or in rock crevices.
Origin: Native

Royal beardtongue (Penstemon speciosus)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Nevada and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded areas, often with sagebrush, juniper or ponderosa pine, mostly in the lowlands and foothills.
Origin: Native

Rydberg's beardtongue (Penstemon rydbergii)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to the Sierras of California, east to northern Wyoming and northern New Mexico.
Habitat: Meadows and moist, open slopes, occasionally on drier slopes with sagebrush, chiefly in the foothills and at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Tall beardtongue (Penstemon hesperius)
Origin: Native

Two-leaf beardtongue (Penstemon diphyllus)
Origin: Native

Washington beardtongue (Penstemon washingtonensis)
Distribution: Endemic to Chelan and Okanogan counties, Washington.
Habitat: From open slopes and flats at moderate elevations to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native

Whorled beardtongue (Penstemon triphyllus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly in the southeastern area of Washington; Southeast Washington south to adjacent Oregon and east to adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Cliff crevices and dry, rocky banks and slopes at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Wilcox's beardtongue (Penstemon wilcoxii)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open or often wooded, sometimes in rocky places, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Beargrass (Xerophyllum tenax)
Distribution: Occurring in the mountainous areas of Washington except in the southeastern region of the State; British Columbia south to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open woods and clearings, from near sea level on the Olympic Peninsula to high elevations in the Rockies.
Origin: Native

Boreal bedstraw (Galium kamtschaticum)
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to Washington, east to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist, cold coniferous woods.
Origin: Native

Common bedstraw (Galium aparine)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Variety of habitats, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Common marsh bedstraw (Galium palustre)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory south to Oregon, and also in Montana; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas, often where moist.
Origin: Native

Fragrant bedstraw (Galium triflorum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Lady's bedstraw (Galium verum)
Distribution: In scattered localities west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America in except along southern border of U.S.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced

Many-flowered bedstraw (Galium serpenticum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes from fairly low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Northern bedstraw (Galium boreale)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal; in North America extending south to California, Texas and West Virginia.
Habitat: In a variety of mesic habitats, from sea level to timber line.
Origin: Native

Oregon bedstraw (Galium oreganum)
Distribution: From the Cascade Mountains west in Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods and meadows, from sea level to 5000 feet in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Shrubby bedstraw (Galium serpenticum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky slopes from fairly low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Sweet-scented bedstraw (Galium odoratum)
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; scattered areas of central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Woodlands at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Three-flowered bedstraw (Galium triflorum)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist woods, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Twin-leaf bedstraw (Galium bifolium)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascade summits in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry areas, foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Wall bedstraw (Galium parisiense)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Yellow spring bedstraw (Galium verum)
Distribution: In scattered localities west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America in except along southern border of U.S.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation to lawns, roadsides, and other open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced

Guaco Rocky Mountain bee-plant (Peritoma serrulata)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except Alaska and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native

Rocky Mountain bee-plant (Peritoma serrulata)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except Alaska and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native

Bee-thistle (Eryngium articulatum)
Origin: Native

Scarlet beeblossom (Gaura coccinea)
Distribution: Reported from Bingen, Washington - unclear as to whether truly native or a garden escape; chiefly east of the Rockies, but crossing into western Montana.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, chiefly in the sagebrush area.
Origin: Native

Rocky Mountain beeplant (Peritoma serrulata)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except Alaska and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and Ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native

Leafy beggarticks (Bidens frondosa)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except Alaska and northernmost Canada.
Habitat: Wet areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Tall beggarticks (Bidens vulgata)
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout Washington; British Columbia east to Nova Scotia, and southward throughout much of the U.S.
Habitat: Streamsides, ponds, lakes, ditches and other moist to wet waste places.
Origin: Native

Three lobed beggarticks (Bidens tripartita)
Distribution: Introduced in most of the United States, but uncommon in our area.
Habitat: Wet waste places, primarily at low elevtions.
Origin: Introduced

Alaska bell-heather (Harrimanella stelleriana)
Distribution: Alaska to the high Cascades of Washington
Habitat: Rocky slopes and seeps, alpine to subalpine
Origin: Native

Belladonna (Atropa bella-donna)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Alaska bellflower (Campanula lasiocarpa)
Distribution: Local in Washington to western Cascades of Puget Trough; Alaska south to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Uncommon in meadows at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Creeping bellflower (Campanula rapunculoides)
Distribution: Introduced garden species, often escaping in scattered localities across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist soil at low elevations
Origin: Native

Olympic bellflower (Campanula piperi)
Distribution: Olympic Mountains in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native

Pale bellflower (Campanula scouleri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but chiefly to the west; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Openings in moist woods, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Peach-leaf bellflower (Campanula persicifolia)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Utah; eastern North America; introduced from Europe.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation; occurring in moderately moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced

Rough bellflower (Campanula scabrella)
Distribution: In the Cascades of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native

Bronze bells (Anticlea occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at mid- to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native

Hooker's fairy bells (Prosartes hookeri)
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist, shady, wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Mission bells (Anticlea occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Wet cliffs, moist meadows and scree, mostly at mid- to high elevations, but down to near sea level in the Olympic Peninsula and the Columbia River Gorge.
Origin: Native

Smith's fairy bells (Prosartes smithii)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Open to dense moist woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native

Wartberryfairy bells (Prosartes trachycarpa)
Distribution: British Columbia south to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S. and Canada, reaching Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Wooded slopes, often near streams, and in aspen groves.
Origin: Native

Yellow bells (Fritillaria pudica)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to mixed coniferous forests, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Red belvedere (Bassia scoparia)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other dry, distrubed, open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from eastern Europe and southestern Asia

Alpine bent (Agrostis variabilis)
Origin: Native

Alpine bent (Podagrostis humilis)
Origin: Native

Arctic bent (Podagrostis aequivalvis)
Origin: Native

Black bent (Agrostis gigantea)
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington; found in nearly all parts of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, edge of agricultural fields, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

Colonial bent (Agrostis capillaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely introduced throughout North America.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas often at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

Highland bent (Agrostis castellana)
Origin: Introduced

Idaho bent (Agrostis idahoensis)
Origin: Native

Mountain bent (Podagrostis humilis)
Origin: Native

Northern bent (Agrostis mertensii)
Origin: Native

Oregon bent (Agrostis oregonensis)
Origin: Native

Rough bent (Agrostis scabra)
Origin: Native

Seashore bent (Agrostis pallens)
Distribution: Near the coast, Grays Harbor County, Washington south to San Francisco, California.
Habitat: Coastal sand dunes and immediately adjacent woods.
Origin: Native

Small-leaf bent (Agrostis microphylla)
Origin: Native

Spiked bent (Agrostis exarata)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Alberta, Nebraska and Texas.
Habitat: Moist areas, from near sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Spreading bent (Agrostis stolonifera)
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; Alaska south to California; also in Idaho, Utah and Colorado.
Habitat: Wet, disturbed areas that include streambanks, flooded fields, and ditches at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced?

Thurber's bent (Podagrostis thurberiana)
Origin: Native

Texas bergia (Bergia texana)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington in a few scattered localities; widely distributed across the United States from Washington to California, east to the Gulf Coast states.
Habitat: Emergent in muddy soils of ponds, lakes, ditches, rivers, and streams.
Origin: Native

Roughfruit berry (Rubus lasiococcus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native

Paul's betony (Veronica officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of the northern half of North America and the southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Weed of wastelots, and other disturbed open and forested areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Bigsheath-pondweed (Stuckenia vaginata)
Origin: Native

Bog bilberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)
Distribution: Cascades and west in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Dwarf bilberry (Vaccinium caespitosum)
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountainous areas of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Colorado; across southern Canada and the northern tier of states from Minnesota to Maine.
Habitat: Moist rocky ridges and meadows, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Common stork's bill (Erodium cicutarium)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Dry plains and hillsides, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Longbeak stork's bill (Erodium botrys)

Black bindweed (Fallopia convolvulus)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Cultivated or waste ground.
Origin: Introduced

Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Cultivated fields, roadsides, open areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Hedge bindweed (Convolvulus sepium)
Distribution: Disturbed areas, both sides of the Cascades; temperate regions worldwide.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, particularly in association with agriculture.
Origin: Introduced

Large bindweed (Convolvulus silvaticus)
Origin: Introduced

Seashore false bindweed (Convolvulus soldanella)
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; British Columbia south to San Diego County, California.
Habitat: Coastal beaches and sand dunes, often extending down to the high tide level.
Origin: Native

Shortstalk false bindweed (Convolvulus silvaticus)
Origin: Introduced

Bog birch (Betula pumila)
Origin: Native

Canoe birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east of the Cascades except in northwest Washington, east to the Atlantic coast
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native

Dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa)
Distribution: Alaska south to the Sierra of California, east to Nevada and Colorado, and also to Newfoundland and New York.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native

Dwarf birch (Betula pumila)
Origin: Native

European weeping birch (Betula pendula)
Distribution: Occurring in Washington on both sides of the Cascades; Introduced as an ornamental in Washington; occurring in isolated locations in south-central Canada and the eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas associated with urban and suburban development where the trees escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced

Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east of the Cascades except in northwest Washington, east to the Atlantic coast
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native

Red birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Resin birch (Betula glandulosa)
Distribution: Alaska south to the Sierra of California, east to Nevada and Colorado, and also to Newfoundland and New York.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native

River birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Swamp birch (Betula glandulosa)
Distribution: Alaska south to the Sierra of California, east to Nevada and Colorado, and also to Newfoundland and New York.
Habitat: Stream banks, margins of marshes, lakes and bogs, and on alpine slopes.
Origin: Native

Swamp birch (Betula pumila)
Origin: Native

Water birch (Betula occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east in Canada to Ontario, east in the U.S. to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist areas, streambanks at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Western paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east of the Cascades except in northwest Washington, east to the Atlantic coast
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native

White birch (Betula papyrifera)
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east of the Cascades except in northwest Washington, east to the Atlantic coast
Habitat: Moist, open to dense woods, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native

Yakima bird's-beak (Cordylanthus capitatus)
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; Idaho and Montana south to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and hillsides, often with sagebrush, moderate to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native

Garden bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Mesic to wet areas, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced

Meadow bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus pinnatus)
Distribution: Northwest Washington south to central California, east along rivers to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist soil.
Origin: Native

River-bar bird's-foot-trefoil (Acmispon denticulatus)
Origin: Native

Rosy bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus aboriginus)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams.
Origin: Native

Seaside bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus formosissimus)
Distribution: From southwest Washington south, on the west side of the Cascades and in the Coast Ranges, to Monteray County, California.
Habitat: On moist soil, from near sea level to lower elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Short-flower bird's-foot-trefoil (Acmispon parviflorus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Open slopes and sandy flats, seashore into the mountains.
Origin: Native

Angle-leaf bishop's-cap (Ozomelis diversifolia)
Distribution: Occurring from in southern Cascade Mountains from Mt. Adams south in Washington; Washington south to the Trinity Mountains of northwest California.
Habitat: Moist woods and stream banks at moderate to high elevations.
Origin: Native

Feathery bishop's-cap (Pectiantia breweri)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades Crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Alberta, Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Moist mountain valleys and open to wooded slopes, from mid-elevations to timberline.
Origin: Native

Five-stamen bishop's-cap (Pectiantia pentandra)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Wet meadows and moist woods, especially along streams, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Alpine bistort (Bistorta vivipara)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in northern Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east to Montana, and south in the Rockies to New Mexico; across Canada to Newfoundland, south to Minnesota and Maine.
Habitat: Damp areas, shady woods, meadows and streambanks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

American bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Alberta and New Mexico.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, mid-elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native

Western bistort (Bistorta bistortoides)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Alberta and New Mexico.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist or swampy meadows, mid-elevations in the mountains to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native

Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata)
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native

Beautiful bittercres (Cardamine nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Alpine bittercress (Cardamine bellidifolia)
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; circumpolar, south in North America to California and New Hampshire.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native

Angled bittercress (Cardamine angulata)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native

Beautiful bittercress (Cardamine nuttallii)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Brewer's bittercress (Cardamine breweri)
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana south to Colorado.
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native

Few-seeded bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; more common west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native

Hairy bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia to California and throughout much of the eastern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

Heart-leaved bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: In the Cascades, but not the Olympic Mountains, in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist meadows in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Large mountain bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: In the Cascades, but not the Olympic Mountains, in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist meadows in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Little western bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; more common west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native

Lyall's bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia)
Distribution: In the Cascades, but not the Olympic Mountains, in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist meadows in the mountains.
Origin: Native

New Zealand bittercress (Cardamine corymbosa)
Origin: Introduced

Pennsylvania bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica)
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist places.
Origin: Native

Quaker bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica)
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist places.
Origin: Native

Round bittercress (Cardamine breweri)
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana south to Colorado.
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native

Seaside bittercress (Cardamine angulata)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native

Siberian bittercress (Cardamine umbellata)
Origin: Native

Umbellate bittercress (Cardamine umbellata)
Origin: Native

Wavy bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

Western bittercress (Cardamine occidentalis)
Origin: Native

Wood bittercress (Cardamine occulta)
Origin: Introduced

Nevada bitterroot (Lewisia nevadensis)
Distribution: Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington, south to California.
Habitat: Open, often gravelly, moist to mesic areas at moderate elevations in the mountains to above tree line.
Origin: Native

Three leaf bitterroot (Lewisia triphylla)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to Montana and south in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open, usually sandy areas where vernally moist, ponderosa pine forests to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native

Maryland black-snakeroot (Sanicula marilandica)
Distribution: Eastern British Columbia, northeast Washington, and northern Idaho, east to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist, low ground, less often on moist, wooded slopes.
Origin: Native

Purple black-snakeroot (Sanicula bipinnatifida)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Uncommon at low to moderate elevations in dry, open areas.
Origin: Native

Sierran black-snakeroot (Sanicula graveolens)
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Common in open woods at low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Cut-leaf blackberry (Rubus laciniatus)
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades, British Columbia to California; occasionally east to Idaho
Habitat: Roadsides and disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations
Origin: Introduced

Dwarf red blackberry (Rubus pubescens)
Distribution: Occurring in the northeast counties in Washington; widespread throughout the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist woods to clearings where moderately dry, mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Elm-leaf blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius)
Origin: Introduced

European blackberry (Rubus bifrons)
Distribution: British Columbia south to California and eastward throughout the intermountain west; sporadically in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

European blackberry (Rubus vestitus)
Distribution: Introduced at scattered locations in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced

Evergreen blackberry (Rubus laciniatus)
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades, British Columbia to California; occasionally east to Idaho
Habitat: Roadsides and disturbed areas, mostly at low elevations
Origin: Introduced

Himalayan blackberry (Rubus bifrons)
Distribution: British Columbia south to California and eastward throughout the intermountain west; sporadically in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, riparian zones, and forest edges at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

Or trailing blackberry (Rubus ursinus)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to fairly dense woodlands, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains; common in logged areas.
Origin: Native

Pennsylvania blackberry (Rubus pensilvanicus)
Origin: Introduced

Western blackhaw (Viburnum ellipticum)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; southern Washington to northern California.
Habitat: Thickets, bottom lands and open woods.
Origin: Native

Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa)
Distribution: Introduced and escaping in southeast Washington and adjacent Idaho, also in western Oregon.
Habitat: Moist draws and hillsides.
Origin: Introduced

Bladder-sennas (Colutea arborescens)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east across the southwest to the Great Plains; northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in including wastelots, roadsides, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia

Red bladder-vetch (Sphaerophysa salsula)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed in western half of North America except for northwestern provinces and Alaska.
Habitat: Alkaline soil at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

Dwarf bladderwort (Utricularia ×ochroleuca)
Distribution: Known only from Klickitat County in Washington, but likely occurring elsewhere; Alaska to California, east across northern half of North America to Greenland; Eurasia.
Habitat: Ponds and lakes in shallow to somewhat deeper waters.
Origin: Native

Flat-leaved bladderwort (Utricularia intermedia)
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly mooving water.
Origin: Native

Horned bladderwort (Utricularia cornuta)
Origin: Native

Humped bladderwort (Utricularia gibba)
Distribution: Known from west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native

Lesser bladderwort (Utricularia minor)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast north of Virginia.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly moving water.
Origin: Native

Mountain bladderwort (Utricularia intermedia)
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal; widely distributed throughout North America except in Central Plains, Gulf Coast, and Southeast.
Habitat: Shallow, standing or slowly mooving water.
Origin: Native

Swollen bladderwort (Utricularia inflata)
Distribution: Known from west of the Cascades in Washington; Gulf Coast and southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Introduced from SE United States

Swollen-spurred bladderwort (Utricularia gibba)
Distribution: Known from west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California; central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Emergent aquatic in lakes and ponds.
Origin: Native

Blanketflower (Gaillardia ×grandiflora)
Origin: Introduced

White-stem blazingstar (Mentzelia albicaulis)
Distribution: Mostly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, usually sandy soil in the shrub-steppe to the foothills.
Origin: Native

Blepharipappus (Blepharipappus scaber)
Distribution: Occurring in southeastern Washington; adjacent Idaho, south through eastern Oregon to California and northwest Nevada.
Habitat: Bunchgrass prairies and grassy foothills.
Origin: Native

Water blinks (Montia fontana)
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Greenland and Maine
Habitat: Wet places, sometimes aquatic and floating, low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native

Blood-drops (Adonis annua)
Distribution: Introduced from Europe as an ornamental and occasionaly escaping; uncommon in Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed soil near gardens.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Baby blue-eyes (Nemophila menziesii)
Distribution: southwestern Oregon to southern California.
Habitat: In our area a garden escape to open areas; in its native range found in meadows, roadbanks, and woodland.
Origin: Introduced from California and Oregon

Hybrid bluebell (Hyacinthoides ×variabilis)
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: Meadows, fields, grassy balds, and other open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Spain

Bluebell-of-scotland (Campanula rotundifolia)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native

Broadleaved bluebells (Mertensia platyphylla)
Distribution: Occurring from the west base of the Cascades Mountains to the coast in Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist, low woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native

Shade bluebells (Mertensia umbratilis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and seasonally moist areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native

Streamside bluebells (Mertensia ciliata)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, wet meadows, damp thickets, and wet cliffs, from the foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Trumpet bluebells (Mertensia longiflora)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to Montana
Habitat: Drier areas, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Western bluebells (Mertensia platyphylla)
Distribution: Occurring from the west base of the Cascades Mountains to the coast in Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Stream banks and moist, low woods at lower elevations.
Origin: Native

Alaska blueberry (Vaccinium ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east to Idaho, and then scattered areas to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Openings in coniferous forests, moderate to fairly high elevations.
Origin: Native

Bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum)
Distribution: Cascades and west in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Cascade blueberry (Vaccinium deliciosum)
Distribution: Ocurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native

Dwarf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana, and south in the Rockies to Arizona and New Mexico
Habitat: Forest openings, mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

High-bush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
Distribution: Widespread and native in eastern United States; introduced in Washington.
Habitat: Open swamps, sandy margins of ponds and lakes.
Origin: Introduced

Low blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana, and south in the Rockies to Arizona and New Mexico
Habitat: Forest openings, mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Oval-leaf blueberry (Vaccinium ovalifolium)
Distribution: Occurring in forested and mountainous areas throughout Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east to Idaho, and then scattered areas to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Openings in coniferous forests, moderate to fairly high elevations.
Origin: Native

Rainier blueberry (Vaccinium deliciosum)
Distribution: Ocurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native

Square-twig blueberry (Vaccinium membranaceum)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout forested and mountainous areas of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east the Rocky Mountains; Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Common in dry to moist coniferous forests and open areas, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Velvet-leaf blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides)
Distribution: British Columbia east to Labrador, and in the northern tier of states, Montana to West Virginia; Okanogan County in Washington.
Habitat: Mountain meadows, forest openings, bogs and barrens.
Origin: Native

Bluebuttons (Knautia arvensis)
Origin: Introduced

Common bluecup (Githopsis specularioides)
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; from southern Washington to southern California.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the valleys and foothills.
Origin: Native

Mountain bluecurls (Trichostema oblongum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; adjacent Idaho, east through the Columbia River Gorge to the Wilamette Valley of Oregon, and south to California.
Habitat: Moist, open places, often on disturbed soil.
Origin: Native

Asia Minor bluegrass (Polypogon fugax)

Interior bluegrass (Poa interior)
Origin: Native

Weak bluegrass (Poa infirma)
Origin: Introduced

Woodland bluegrass (Poa nemoralis)
Origin: Introduced

Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii)
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America

Mountain bluet (Centaurea montana)
Distribution: In scattered locations throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Utah; in upper midwestern and northeastern U.S. and Canada.
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation; open, disturbed areas in shrub-steppe, forests, and along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Sea blush (Plectritis congesta)
Distribution: In Washington occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge; Vancouver Island south to California.
Habitat: Open, vernally moist meadows and slopes, sea level to moderate elevations in the moutains.
Origin: Native

Stinky bob (Geranium robertianum)
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana; widely distributed in upper Midwest and eastern North America.
Habitat: Mostly in moist, disturbed ground
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Sword bogmat (Wolffiella gladiata)
Origin: Introduced from eastern United States

Western boneset (Ageratina occidentalis)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Utah.
Habitat: Rocky places at various altitudes.
Origin: Native

Borage (Borago officinalis)
Distribution: Introduced at scattered locations in the United States; occasional west of the Cascades in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe

Common borage (Borago officinalis)
Distribution: Introduced at scattered locations in the United States; occasional west of the Cascades in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Waste ground and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe

Boraxweed (Nitrophila occidentalis)
Origin: Native

Australian bornweed (Senecio minimus)
Origin: Introduced

Bouncing-bet (Saponaria officinalis)
Distribution: Introduced throughout the United States; common east of the Cascades in Washington
Habitat: Roadsides and waste ground
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Oregon boxleaf (Paxistima myrsinites)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Mid-elevations in the mountains, but coastal in the Puget Sound region.
Origin: Native

Greater boykinia (Boykinia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native

Oregon cliff brake (Aspidotis densa)
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Cliff crevices and moist, rocky slopes, foothills to near timberline, often on serpentine
Origin: Native

Dwarf bramble (Rubus lasiococcus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native

Snow dwarf bramble (Rubus nivalis)
Distribution: British Columbia south to southwest Oregon, in the Cascade, Olympic and coastal mountains.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded, usually moist areas in the mountains at moderate to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native

Strawberry bramble (Rubus pedatus)
Distribution: Alaska to southern Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Moist areas, open banks to dense forests, near sea level to timberline
Origin: Native

Baby's breath (Gypsophila paniculata)
Distribution: Introduced in the northern half of the United States
Habitat: Noxious weed in eastern Washington and Idaho
Origin: Introduced from Asia

Tasselflower brickellbush (Brickellia grandiflora)
Distribution: Occasional east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon.
Habitat: Openings in woods at moderate elevations, sometimes in plains.
Origin: Native

Bride's-bonnet (Clintonia uniflora)
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Hooked bristlegrass (Setaria verticillata)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in the Pacific Northwest; more common in other parts of the United States.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Italian bristlegrass (Setaria italica)
Origin: Introduced from China

Rough bristlegrass (Setaria verticillata)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in the Pacific Northwest; more common in other parts of the United States.
Habitat: Weed of gardens, irrigated areas and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Bristlehead (Rigiopappus leptocladus)
Distribution: Pacific Northwest to Utah and California; chiefly east of the Columbia River in Washington
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations; sagebrush and grasslands areas
Origin: Native

Bluedick brodiaea (Brodiaea coronaria)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native

Harvest brodiaea (Brodiaea coronaria)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Grasslands, balds, prairies, and open hillsides at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native

White brodiaea (Triteleia hyacinthina)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and grassy, often rocky areas from low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Alaska brome (Bromus sitchensis)
Distribution: Along or near the coast from Alaska south to northwest Oregon.
Habitat: Meadowland to subalpine streambanks and talus slopes.
Origin: Native

Aleut brome (Bromus aleutensis)
Origin: Native

Australian brome (Bromus arenarius)
Origin: Introduced

Bald brome (Bromus racemosus)
Origin: Introduced

Chinook brome (Bromus orcuttianus)
Origin: Native

Columbian brome (Bromus vulgaris)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south along the coast to northern California, east to Alberta, Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Shaded to open woods or moist to dry banks, from near sea level to mountain meadows and dry, rocky slopes at 6000' elevation.
Origin: Native

Compact brome (Bromus madritensis)
Origin: Introduced

False brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum)
Distribution: Currently known from Cowlitz county in Washington; British Columbia south to California; also in Virginia.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced

Fox-tail brome (Bromus rubens)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Utah and Arizona.
Habitat: Common weed on overgrazed land, waste areas.
Origin: Introduced

Fringed brome (Bromus ciliatus)
Origin: Native

Great brome (Bromus diandrus)
Distribution: Introduced from British Columbia to Baja California, mostly west of the Cascades in Washington, but east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground and along highways and railroads.
Origin: Introduced

Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus)
Distribution: East of the Cascades, southern British Columbia to California, east across Canada and most of eastern United States.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert and grasslands to lower mountain forests; often a weed of roadsides and waste land.
Origin: Introduced

Meadow brome (Bromus commutatus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Waste ground, meadows, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced

Pacific brome (Bromus pacificus)
Distribution: West of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and forest openingsat low elevations, often near or along the coast.
Origin: Native

Poverty brome (Bromus sterilis)
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to California, and in the Rocky Mountains and eastern United States.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced

Rattlesnake brome (Bromus briziformis)
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana; occasional in eastern United States.
Habitat: Waste ground, roadsides, and overgrazed areas.
Origin: Introduced

Ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus)
Distribution: Introduced from British Columbia to Baja California, mostly west of the Cascades in Washington, but east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: A weed of waste ground and along highways and railroads.
Origin: Introduced

Rye brome (Bromus secalinus)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Disturbed, open ground.
Origin: Introduced

Smooth brome (Bromus inermis)
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Labrador and Vermont.
Habitat: Commonly used in hayfields and pastures; disturbed areas, old fields, meadows and streambanks from the lowlands to subalpine slopes.
Origin: Introduced

Suksdorf's brome (Bromus suksdorfii)
Origin: Native

Upright brome (Bromus erectus)
Origin: Introduced

Buttercup-leaf mock brookfoam (Hemieva ranunculifolia)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to northern California, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Foothills to subalpine slopes, on wet, mossy rocks, often where dry by mid-summer.
Origin: Native

Coastal brookfoam (Boykinia occidentalis)
Distribution: West of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods and along streams, lowlands and along the coast.
Origin: Native

Sierran brookfoam (Boykinia intermedia)
Distribution: Occurring on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington; Washington south along the coast to central Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods, meadows, streambanks, roadside ditches.
Origin: Native

Violet mock brookfoam (Suksdorfia violacea)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist mossy banks and rock crevices.
Origin: Native

Portuguese broom (Cytisus multiflorus)
Origin: Introduced

Scot's broom (Cytisus scoparius)
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout much of Washington, especially in lowlands west of the Cascades crest; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Widespread noxious weed, usually where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced

White Spanish broom (Cytisus multiflorus)
Origin: Introduced

Clustered broom-rape (Aphyllon fasciculatum)
Origin: Native

Naked broom-rape (Aphyllon uniflorum)
Origin: Native

Pinewoods broom-rape (Aphyllon pinorum)
Origin: Native

Clustered broomrape (Aphyllon fasciculatum)
Origin: Native

Flat-topped broomrape (Aphyllon corymbosum)
Origin: Native

Naked broomrape (Aphyllon uniflorum)
Origin: Native

Pine broomrape (Aphyllon pinorum)
Origin: Native

Purple broomrape (Aphyllon purpureum)
Origin: Native

Suksdorf's broomrape (Aphyllon ludovicianum)
Origin: Native

Furrowed broomsedge (Carex pachycarpa)
Origin: Native

Dryland browntop (Agrostis castellana)
Origin: Introduced

White bryony (Bryonia alba)
Distribution: Occurring in eastern and southeastern Washington; east to Montana, south to Utah.
Habitat: Disturbed areas where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced

Buck-bean (Menyanthes trifoliata)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington on both sides of the Cascades; Alaska south to California, east across Canada and the northern half of the United States.
Habitat: Bogs, marshes and ponds, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Alder-leaf buckthorn (Rhamnus alnifolia)
Distribution: Occurring in the northeast corner of Washington; British Columbia east to Quebec, east of the Cascades to Idaho, Montana and the central Sierra Nevada of California.
Habitat: Moist ground, expecially along streams, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Buckthorn (Frangula purshiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

False buckthorn (Frangula purshiana)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Forest understory and margins from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Basalt desert buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Found only in Benton County Washington.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native, endemic to Washington

Broom buckwheat (Eriogonum vimineum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Utah and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native

Garden buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, waste areas; frequently escapes cultivation.
Origin: Introduced

Nodding buckwheat (Eriogonum cernuum)
Origin: Native

Parsnip-flowered buckwheat (Eriogonum heracleoides)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to south California, east to Wyoming and Nevada.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at mid-elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Snow buckwheat (Eriogonum niveum)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native

Spotted buckwheat (Eriogonum maculatum)
Origin: Native

Thyme buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to Oregon along east side of the Cascades, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native

Thyme-leaf wild buckwheat (Eriogonum thymoides)
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to Oregon along east side of the Cascades, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native

Umptanum buckwheat (Eriogonum codium)
Distribution: Found only in Benton County Washington.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native, endemic to Washington

Russet buffalo-berry (Shepherdia canadensis)
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moderately dry, open to wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Cut-leaved bugbane (Cimicifuga laciniata)
Distribution: Silver Star Mountain, Skamania County, Washington and the base of Mt. Hood, Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

False bugbane (Trautvetteria caroliniensis)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across Canada and the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Mt. Hood bugbane (Cimicifuga laciniata)
Distribution: Silver Star Mountain, Skamania County, Washington and the base of Mt. Hood, Oregon.
Habitat: Moist woods at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native

Wild bugbane (Trautvetteria caroliniensis)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across Canada and the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist, open woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Carpet bugle (Ajuga reptans)
Distribution: Introduced (and occasionally escaping from cultivation) west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; widespread in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often in forest understory.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Northern bugleweed (Lycopus uniflorus)
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Newfoundland, south to northwest California and North Carolina.
Habitat: Stream banks, marshes and peat bogs, mostly in the mountains, but descending to sea level west of the Cascades.
Origin: Native

Annual bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Common bugloss (Anchusa officinalis)
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations throughout Washington, but mostly east of the Cascades; occurring throught much of western North America, the upper Midwest, and northeastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region

Common viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare)
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Dry ground in waste places
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region

European bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Italian bugloss (Anchusa azurea)
Distribution: Scattered localities in Washington; British Columbia south to California, scattered localities east of the Cascades to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Old World

Small bugloss (Lycopsis arvensis)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare)
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Dry ground in waste places
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region

Hairy bugseed (Corispermum villosum)
Origin: Native

Pacific bugseed (Corispermum pacificum)
Distribution: Occurring along the Lower Columbia River and east of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to northern Oregon, e to western Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Native

Pale bugseed (Corispermum pallidum)
Origin: Native, endemic to WA

Pallas' bugseed (Corispermum pallasii)

Cottongrass bulrush (Scirpus cyperinus)
Distribution: Newfoundland south to Florida, occasionally west across southern Canada to southeast British Columbia and northern Washington.
Habitat: Wet, low ground.
Origin: Introduced

Eurasian bulrush (Isolepis setacea)
Origin: Introduced

Great bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)
Distribution: Widespread in temperate North America; common throughout the Pacific Northwest, but less so than S. acutus.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native

Nevada bulrush (Amphiscirpus nevadensis)
Origin: Native

Olney's three-square bulrush (Schoenoplectus americanus)
Origin: Native

Pale bulrush (Scirpus pallidus)
Distribution: Southest Washington and northeast Oregon, east to Utah, Minnisota and Texas.
Habitat: Wet, low ground, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Panicled bulrush (Scirpus microcarpus)
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England
Habitat: Wet ground from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Ricefield bulrush (Schoenoplectus mucronatus)
Origin: Introduced

River bulrush (Bolboschoenus fluviatilis)
Origin: Native

Rocky Mountain bulrush (Schoenoplectus saximontanus)
Origin: Native

Rough-seed bulrush (Schoenoplectus mucronatus)
Origin: Introduced

Slender bulrush (Schoenoplectus heterochaetus)
Origin: Native

Small fruited bulrush (Scirpus microcarpus)
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east in Canada and northern United States to New England
Habitat: Wet ground from low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Soft-stem bulrush (Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)
Distribution: Widespread in temperate North America; common throughout the Pacific Northwest, but less so than S. acutus.
Habitat: Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams at lower elevations; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native

Western bunchberry (Cornus unalaschkensis)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska, much of Canada, and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Moist woods, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native

Beach bur (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Maritime shoreline from British Columbia to california
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level
Origin: Native

Buffalo bur (Solanum rostratum)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington, where it is considered a noxious weed; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced from central US

Cutleaf beach bur (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Maritime shoreline from British Columbia to california
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level
Origin: Native

Flat spine bur-ragweed (Ambrosia acanthicarpa)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, but widespread in western United States, to Texas and the Dakotas
Habitat: Weedy native in dry areas at low elevations
Origin: Native

Arctic bur-reed (Sparganium natans)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native

Broadfruited bur-reed (Sparganium eurycarpum)
Distribution: British Columbia to Baja, California, east to Newfoundland and Florida.
Habitat: Wet meadows to shallow marshes, mostly emersed.
Origin: Native

Floating bur-reed (Sparganium angustifolium)
Distribution: Widely distributed in much of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountain states.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Floating bur-reed (Sparganium fluctuans)
Origin: Native

Narrow-leaved bur-reed (Sparganium angustifolium)
Distribution: Widely distributed in much of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountain states.
Habitat: Ponds and shallow lakes at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Simplestem bur-reed (Sparganium emersum)
Distribution: Alaska south to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Shallow ponds and marshes.
Origin: Native

Small bur-reed (Sparganium natans)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Shallow water, mostly in mountain lakes, sometimes completely submersed.
Origin: Native

Water bur-reed (Sparganium fluctuans)
Origin: Native

Common burdock (Arctium minus)
Distribution: Introduced throughout the United States
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and disturbed area
Origin: Introduced

Great burdock (Arctium lappa)
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except the central U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including roadsides, wastelots, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced

Greater burdock (Arctium lappa)
Distribution: Known from a few scattered locations in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except the central U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including roadsides, wastelots, and forest openings.
Origin: Introduced

Lesser burdock (Arctium minus)
Distribution: Introduced throughout the United States
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and disturbed area
Origin: Introduced

Annual burnet (Poteridium occidentale)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in parts of central and eastern U.S. and Canada.
Habitat: Forest edge, meadows, sagebrush, and open hillsides, often where seasonally moist.
Origin: Native

Canadian burnet (Sanguisorba stipulata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east to Idaho in the west, and Illimois to Maine, south to Alabama in the east.
Habitat: Wet places at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Garden burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis)
Distribution: Alaka to northwest California, chiefly along the coast, inland to Mt. Hood, Oregon, where up to 5000 feet.
Habitat: Muskeg, swamps, and bogs.
Origin: Native

Great burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis)
Distribution: Alaka to northwest California, chiefly along the coast, inland to Mt. Hood, Oregon, where up to 5000 feet.
Habitat: Muskeg, swamps, and bogs.
Origin: Native

Menzies' burnet (Sanguisorba menziesii)
Origin: Native

Prairie burnet (Poteridium annuum)
Origin: Introduced

Sitka burnet (Sanguisorba stipulata)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east to Idaho in the west, and Illimois to Maine, south to Alabama in the east.
Habitat: Wet places at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Small-head burnet (Sanguisorba menziesii)
Origin: Native

Cut leaf burnweed (Erechtites glomerata)
Origin: Introduced

New Zealand burnweed (Erechtites glomerata)
Origin: Introduced

Toothed coast burnweed (Senecio minimus)
Origin: Introduced

Silver burr-ragweed (Ambrosia chamissonis)
Distribution: Maritime shoreline from British Columbia to california
Habitat: Common on sandy beaches above high tide level
Origin: Native

Lawn burrweed (Soliva sessilis)
Distribution: Known from western Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides, lawns
Origin: Introduced from South America

Annual bursage (Ambrosia acanthicarpa)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, but widespread in western United States, to Texas and the Dakotas
Habitat: Weedy native in dry areas at low elevations
Origin: Native

Buttecandle (Cryptantha celosioides)
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, from southern British Colombia to Grant County, Oregon, east to North Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the valleys, plains and foothills, occasionally higher.
Origin: Native

Greater butter-and-eggs (Linaria vulgaris)
Distribution: Widely distributed across Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Noxious weed of roadsides, wastelots, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Alkali buttercup (Ranunculus cymbalaria)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except southern and southeastern regions of U.S.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands.
Origin: Native

Arctic buttercup (Ranunculus gelidus)
Distribution: Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; scattered from Alaska south to Colorado in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native

Bulbous buttercup (Ranunculus bulbosus)
Origin: Introdued from Europe

Cooley's buttercup (Ranunculus cooleyae)
Distribution: Alaska and the Cascades of British Columbia, known in Washington from Mt. Colonel Bob in the Olympics and Del Campo Peak Snohomish county.
Habitat: Damp slopes and rocky crevices at high elevations, blossoming as snow recedes.
Origin: Native

Creeping buttercup (Ranunculus repens)
Distribution: Occurring throughout Washington, but most common west of the Cascades; Alaska south to California and Utah, and from central plains of U.S. to Labrador.
Habitat: Moist areas, lawns and gardens, disturbed forest understory.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Downy buttercup (Ranunculus hebecarpus)
Distribution: Eastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, south to Arizona and Baja California.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry hillsides and woodlands.
Origin: Native

Dwarf buttercup (Ranunculus pygmaeus)
Origin: Native

Field buttercup (Ranunculus arvensis)
Distribution: Known only from along eastern border in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Utah; also in areas of central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Dry woodlands and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Hairy buttercup (Ranunculus sardous)
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Heart-leaf buttercup (Ranunculus cardiophyllus)
Origin: Native

Hornseed buttercup (Ceratocephala testiculata)
Distribution: Introduced in all of western United States, and east in the northern half of the United States to Ohio; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Disturbed soil in sagebrush deserts and plains
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Kidney-leaf buttercup (Ranunculus abortivus)
Origin: Native

Little buttercup (Ranunculus uncinatus)
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Macoun's buttercup (Ranunculus macounii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains and central Canada; also in Canadian Maritimes.
Habitat: Riparian areas and wet meadows from lowlands to montane.
Origin: Native

Meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed in the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Moist to well-drained soil at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Modest buttercup (Ranunculus gelidus)
Distribution: Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; scattered from Alaska south to Colorado in the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine.
Origin: Native

Mountain buttercup (Ranunculus populago)
Distribution: In two discrete locations in Washington (Pierce County and Blue Mountains); Washington south to California, east to Idaho and western Montana.
Habitat: Wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Obscure buttercup (Ranunculus triternatus)
Distribution: Goldendale area, Klickitat County, Washington, south to Wasco County, Oregon.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native

Pennsylvania buttercup (Ranunculus pensylvanicus)
Origin: Native

Seaside buttercup (Ranunculus cymbalaria)
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except southern and southeastern regions of U.S.
Habitat: Ditches, marshes and muddy meadowlands.
Origin: Native

Small yellow water buttercup (Ranunculus gmelinii)
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Nevada, east to the Rocky Mountains, and across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Standing water up to 2 meters deep.
Origin: Native

Small-flower buttercup (Ranunculus parviflorus)
Distribution: Sparingly introduced to lowlands of western Washington; Washington south to California; southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, urbanized settings, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Spiny-fruit buttercup (Ranunculus muricatus)
Distribution: Introduced in scattered locations in the United States; mostly west of the Cascades in Washington, Oregon and California.
Habitat: Ditches and other moist places, often on cultivated land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe

Yellow water buttercup (Ranunculus flabellaris)
Distribution: East side of the Cascades, British Columbia to northern California, east in Canada to Quebec.
Habitat: Shallow ponds, mud flats and marshes at low elevations.
Origin: Native

Orange-eye butterfly-bush (Buddleja davidii)
Distribution: Introduced in western Washington; British Columbia south to California, and eastern United States.
Habitat: Escaped ornamental; roadsides and waste ground
Origin: Introduced

Alkali marsh butterweed (Senecio hydrophilus)
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to South Dakota and Colorado.
Habitat: Swampy places in the valleys and foothills; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native

Canadian butterweed (Packera paupercula)
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon and New Mexico, east to Labrador and Virginia.
Habitat: Meadows, moist cilffs and woods, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Northern butterweed (Packera cymbalaria)
Distribution: Alaska to Newfoundland, south to central Washington and Montana; Eurasia.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas in the high mountains.
Origin: Native

Puget butterweed (Packera macounii)
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to southern Oregon, mostly in the Puget Trough.
Habitat: Open woods and dry, open places.
Origin: Native

Rayless alpine butterweed (Packera pauciflora)
Distribution: Alaska, east across Canada to Labrador, south to northern Washington and Idaho.
Habitat: Alpine and sub-alpine meadows and moist cliffs.
Origin: Native

Rayless mountain butterweed (Packera indecora)
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, east to Montana
Habitat: Uncommon in moist woods and on stream banks, moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Rocky Mountain butterweed (Packera streptanthifolia)
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Colorado
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry open areas and woods, mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native

Sweet marsh butterweed (Senecio hydrophiloides)
Distribution: East of the Cascades, Okanogan County and adjacent British Columbia, south to eastern Oregon and east to western Montana.
Habitat: Wet meadows in the mountains and foothills, but not in alkali.
Origin: Native

Common butterwort (Pinguicula vulgaris)
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; circumboreal, in America extending south to southwest Oregon, east to Montana and New York.
Habitat: Bogs and wet soil in the mountains.
Origin: Native

Bachelor's button (Centaurea cyanus)
Distribution: Widespread introductions in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Readily established when escaped from cultivation
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region

Brass buttons (Cotula coronopifolia)
Distribution: Introduced along the coast of the Pacific states, occasionally inland
Habitat: Chiefly in tidal flats; occasionally in other moist areas
Origin: Introduced from South Africa

Common brass buttons (Cotula coronopifolia)
Distribution: Introduced along the coast of the Pacific states, occasionally inland
Habitat: Chiefly in tidal flats; occasionally in other moist areas
Origin: Introduced from South Africa