Hygrophoraceae
9 genera
79 species
7 subspecies and varieties
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Ampulloclitocybe avellaneoalbasmoky-brown clitocybe, smoky-brown funnel
Description: Has a cap that is flat, becoming depressed or funnel-shaped with age, with a margin that often remains incurved. The surface is smooth to slightly scaly at the center, dark olive-brown to blackish brown. The fills are white to cream and strongly decurrent. The stem is smooth and pale cap-colored.
Habitat: woodlands
Substrate: conifers or broadleaf trees, especially alder
Ampulloclitocybe clavipesclub-footed clitocybe, club-foot
Description: Has a cap that is umbonate at first, but becomes flat and often depressed to funnel-shaped with age. The surface is smooth and variously reddish brown to olive-brown or gray-brown. The fills are white, cream, or pale yellow and strongly decurrent. The stem is buff to gray-brown, smooth, and typically grossly swollen and darker at the base.
Habitat: wiidkabds
Substrate: conifers, occasionally with broadleaf trees
Arrhenia chlorocyaneaverdigris navel
Chromosera cyanophylla
Description: The cap and stipe are bright golden yellow and slimy, the yellow contrasting with the lilac color of the young gills. The colors fade quickly to pale yellow or whitish, so young fruitbodies must be found to fully appreciate the beauty of this fungus.
Distribution: North America and Europe C. cyanophylla usually grows in small groups and can be found in fall on rain-soaked conifer logs, as well as spring and early summer on wet conifer logs exposed by melting snow.
Substrate: rain-soaked conifer logs
Spores: Fall, spring, and early summer
Chrysomphalina aurantiaca
Description: Chrysomphalina aurantiaca (Omphaline luteicolor) is a common bright orange species that often can be found in large groups on rotting conifer logs and stumps. The color fades considerably in age, although usually retaining vestiges of orange, and is difficult to capture accurately on film.
Substrate: Rotting conifer logs and stumps
Spores: Fall and spring
Chrysomphalina chrysophyllagolden-gilled Chrysomphalina, golden-gilled Gerronema, goldgill navelcap
Chrysomphalina grossulaWynne's Omphalina
Cuphophyllus recurvatuslittle brown waxy-cap
Distribution: North America
Habitat: Grassy areas and under conifers.
Substrate: Soil.
Humidicutis marginata
var. olivacea – orange-gilled waxy-cap
Hygrocybe cantharellusgoblet waxcap, chanterelle waxy-cap
Hygrocybe ceraceabutter waxcap, golden yellow waxgill
Distribution: Northern Hemisphere
Hygrocybe chlorophanagolden waxcap
Hygrocybe coccineascarlet hood, scarlet waxcap, righteous red waxy-cap, scarlet waxy-cap
Hygrocybe colemannianatoasted waxcap
Hygrocybe conicawitch's hat, blackening waxcap, conic waxcap, blackening waxy-cap
Distribution: Broad
Hygrocybe cuspidatapointed waxy-cap
Hygrocybe flavescensyellow waxcap, golden waxy-cap
Hygrocybe irrigataslimy waxcap
Hygrocybe lacmusgrey waxcap, violet waxcap, violet-gray waxy-cap
Hygrocybe laetissima
Distribution: West coast of North America.
Substrate: Soil.
Hygrocybe marchii
Distribution: Northern forests.
Habitat: Forested areas in mosses.
Substrate: Soil, mossy areas.
Hygrocybe miniata
Habitat: A wide variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and mossy lawns.
var. miniata – vermilion waxcap, miniature waxy-cap
Hygrocybe pratensismeadow waxcap, meadow waxy-cap, salmon waxy-cap
Hygrocybe puniceacrimson waxcap, scarlet waxy-cap
Hygrocybe reidii
Distribution: Northern hemisphere.
Hygrocybe virescens
Distribution: Uncommon
Habitat: Redwoods
Hygrocybe virgineasnowy waxcap
Hygrophorus agathosmusalmond-scented waxcap, gray almond waxy-cap, almond woodwax
Distribution: Fairly common in the PNW, northern California, and the Rocky Mountains. It is less common elsewhere in North America and also occurs in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: It grows in conifer forests, particularly with spruce.
Hygrophorus bakerensisbrown almond waxy-cap, Mt Baker waxy-cap
Distribution: It is common throughout the PNW and extends into northern California (where it is less common).
Habitat: Near rotting conifer
Hygrophorus borealissnowy waxy-cap
Hygrophorus calophyllusgray-brown waxy-cap
Hygrophorus camarophyllussmoky waxy-cap, sooty brown waxy-cap
Hygrophorus chrysodongolden-tooth waxcap, flaky waxy-cap, golden-fringed waxy-cap, gold flecked woodwax
Distribution: Widespread throughout Northern Hemisphere
Hygrophorus eburneuscowboy's handkerchief, ivory waxy-cap, ivory woodwax
Distribution: Northern Hemisphere
Hygrophorus erubescenspink waxy-cap, blotched woodwax
Hygrophorus gliocyclusglutinous waxy-cap
Hygrophorus goetzii
Habitat: near, or even in, snow as it melts in the late spring and early summer
Hygrophorus hypothejusherald-of-winter, late fall waxy-cap, olive-brown waxy-cap
Habitat: Pine forest
Hygrophorus marzuolusMarch mushroom
Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus
var. gracilis – sheathed waxy-cap
Hygrophorus penariusmatt woodwax
Hygrophorus pudorinusblushing waxcap, spruce waxy-cap, turpentine waxy-cap, rosy woodwax
Hygrophorus purpurascenspurple-red waxy-cap
Hygrophorus russulaRussula waxcap, Russula-like waxy-cap
Hygrophorus saxatilisRockies waxy-cap
Hygrophorus siccipes
Distribution: West coast of North America.
Habitat: Under 2- and 3- needle pines, particularly P. ponderosa, P. contorta, P. radiata and P. muricata.
Substrate: Sandy soils with moss cover.
Hygrophorus sordidussordid waxy-cap
Distribution: Uncommon
Hygrophorus speciosus
var. speciosus – larch waxy-cap
Hygrophorus subalpinussubalpine waxy-cap, white alpine waxy-cap
Neohygrophorus angelesianus
Distribution: Commonly found in the mountains near melting snow but also can appear on bare soil, in meadows, or even at lower elevations under conifers, far from any snow.
Spores: amyloid spores