Bryoria
18 species
2 subspecies and varieties
2 subspecies and varieties
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Bryoria capillaris
Description: Thallus generally pale but variable, grey to smoky brown; Branches 0.1-0.3 mm in diameter, up to 30 cm in length, brittle.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, California, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire; British Columbia, western Alberta, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec.
Habitat: Shaded, humid forest.
Substrate: On trees.
Description: Thallus generally pale but variable, grey to smoky brown; Branches 0.1-0.3 mm in diameter, up to 30 cm in length, brittle.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, California, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire; British Columbia, western Alberta, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec.
Habitat: Shaded, humid forest.
Substrate: On trees.
Bryoria fremontii
Description: Thallus dark reddish-brown to yellowish-brown, with thick, twisted main branches and side branches. Thallus commonly 10-30 cm long, main branches 0.4-1.5 mm thick. Apothecia yellow disks, occasionally present.
Distribution: Washington; Oregon, California, Idaho, western Montana, Wyoming extending into Colorado, disjunct in S. Dakota; southern tip of Yukon Territory, British Columbia, lower Alberta.
Habitat: Open, dry stands.
Substrate: On conifers.
Description: Thallus dark reddish-brown to yellowish-brown, with thick, twisted main branches and side branches. Thallus commonly 10-30 cm long, main branches 0.4-1.5 mm thick. Apothecia yellow disks, occasionally present.
Distribution: Washington; Oregon, California, Idaho, western Montana, Wyoming extending into Colorado, disjunct in S. Dakota; southern tip of Yukon Territory, British Columbia, lower Alberta.
Habitat: Open, dry stands.
Substrate: On conifers.
Bryoria fuscescens
Description: Thallus pale to dark brown or olive, not reddish, base lighter in color; Main branches terete or flattened at axils, 0.3-0.4 mm thick, to 15 cm in length; Soralia white, tuberculate or fissural.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to Bay Area, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire; Canada.
Habitat: Boreal and western forest.
Substrate: On spruce, pine and Douglas-fir.
Description: Thallus pale to dark brown or olive, not reddish, base lighter in color; Main branches terete or flattened at axils, 0.3-0.4 mm thick, to 15 cm in length; Soralia white, tuberculate or fissural.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to Bay Area, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire; Canada.
Habitat: Boreal and western forest.
Substrate: On spruce, pine and Douglas-fir.
Bryoria glabra
Description: Thallus shiny, greenish to olive-brown, pendent, to 15 cm in length; Branches to 0.4 mm thick, uniform, dichotomously branched; Oval fissural soralia white and usu. abundant.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to northern California; British Columbia.
Habitat: In open areas.
Substrate: On conifers of all kinds.
Description: Thallus shiny, greenish to olive-brown, pendent, to 15 cm in length; Branches to 0.4 mm thick, uniform, dichotomously branched; Oval fissural soralia white and usu. abundant.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to northern California; British Columbia.
Habitat: In open areas.
Substrate: On conifers of all kinds.
Bryoria lanestris
Description: Thallus tangled in clumps to 10 cm in length; Branches dark and slender, uneven in diameter, to 0.25 mm thick, brittle; Abundantly sorediate, with white soredia flecked with black.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, Idaho, western Montana, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico; Canada.
Habitat: In open areas.
Substrate: On conifers of all kinds.
Description: Thallus tangled in clumps to 10 cm in length; Branches dark and slender, uneven in diameter, to 0.25 mm thick, brittle; Abundantly sorediate, with white soredia flecked with black.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, Idaho, western Montana, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico; Canada.
Habitat: In open areas.
Substrate: On conifers of all kinds.
Bryoria nadvornikiana
Description: Thallus grey to greyish-brown, rarely darker in full exposure, shrubby to sub-pendent to 9 cm in length; Dichotomously branched, with abundant short, pointed side branches; Main branches to 0.3 mm in diameter. Soralia common, with white or greenish-white soredia.
Distribution: Washington; Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, disjunct along Tennessee/North Carolina border; Ontario, Quebec, disjuncts in Northwest Territories and extreme southern Alberta.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded boreal forest.
Substrate: On conifers and birch.
Description: Thallus grey to greyish-brown, rarely darker in full exposure, shrubby to sub-pendent to 9 cm in length; Dichotomously branched, with abundant short, pointed side branches; Main branches to 0.3 mm in diameter. Soralia common, with white or greenish-white soredia.
Distribution: Washington; Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, disjunct along Tennessee/North Carolina border; Ontario, Quebec, disjuncts in Northwest Territories and extreme southern Alberta.
Habitat: Open to deeply shaded boreal forest.
Substrate: On conifers and birch.
Bryoria pseudofuscescens
Description: Thallus pale grey-brown to black, pendent to 10 cm in length; Branches uneven and twisted, to 0.35 mm in diameter; Soredia absent, pseudocyphellae white and usu. abundant.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to Bay Area; British Columbia, Yukon Territory.
Habitat: Montane to subalpine forest.
Substrate: On conifers, esp. Whitebark Pine and Subalpine Fir.
Description: Thallus pale grey-brown to black, pendent to 10 cm in length; Branches uneven and twisted, to 0.35 mm in diameter; Soredia absent, pseudocyphellae white and usu. abundant.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska to Bay Area; British Columbia, Yukon Territory.
Habitat: Montane to subalpine forest.
Substrate: On conifers, esp. Whitebark Pine and Subalpine Fir.
Bryoria tortuosa
Description: Thallus yellow-brown, occasionally greenish-yellow, pendent to 30 cm in length; Main branches to 1 mm in diameter, twisted and pitted, side branches perpendicular; Pseudocyphellae usu. abundant, typically spiralling around branches; Apothecia rare, yellow, pruinose.
Distribution: Washington; Oregon, California, Idaho; British Columbia.
Habitat: Open stands.
Substrate: On oak and pine.
Description: Thallus yellow-brown, occasionally greenish-yellow, pendent to 30 cm in length; Main branches to 1 mm in diameter, twisted and pitted, side branches perpendicular; Pseudocyphellae usu. abundant, typically spiralling around branches; Apothecia rare, yellow, pruinose.
Distribution: Washington; Oregon, California, Idaho; British Columbia.
Habitat: Open stands.
Substrate: On oak and pine.
Bryoria trichodes
Description: Thallus pale to dark brown, pendent to 15 cm. in length; Branches to 0.4 mm in diameter; Apothecia abundant esp. in ssp. trichoides, pale reddish-brown.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, northern Minnesota and Wisconsin, New York, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, North and South Carolina; British Columbia, Yukon Territory, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, Labrador.
Habitat: Open bogs and lake shores.
Substrate: On conifers and birch.
Description: Thallus pale to dark brown, pendent to 15 cm. in length; Branches to 0.4 mm in diameter; Apothecia abundant esp. in ssp. trichoides, pale reddish-brown.
Distribution: Washington; Alaska, Oregon, northern Minnesota and Wisconsin, New York, Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, North and South Carolina; British Columbia, Yukon Territory, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, Labrador.
Habitat: Open bogs and lake shores.
Substrate: On conifers and birch.
