Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Browse by scientific name:
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Scientific names beginning with C:
135 genera
571 species, 124 subspecies and varieties
571 species, 124 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Cabomba, Cacaliopsis, Cakile, Calamagrostis, Calamovilfa, Calandrinia, Calendula, Callitriche, Callitropsis, Calluna, Calochortus, Caltha, Calypso, Calyptridium, Calystegia, Camassia, Camelina, Camissonia, Campanula, Canadanthus, Cannabis, Capsella, Caragana, Cardamine, Cardionema, Carduus, Carex, Carthamus, Carum, Cascadia, Cassiope, Castanea, Castilleja, Catalpa, Caulanthus, Ceanothus, Celtis, Cenchrus, Centaurea, Centaurium, Centranthus, Centromadia, Cephalanthera, Cerastium, Ceratocephala, Ceratophyllum, Cercocarpus, Chaenactis, Chaenomeles, Chaenorhinum, Chaerophyllum, Chamaenerion, Chelidonium, Chenopodiastrum, Chenopodium, Cherleria, Chimaphila, Chondrilla, Chorispora, Chorizanthe, Chrysolepis, Chrysosplenium, Chrysothamnus, Chylismia, Cicer, Cichorium, Cicuta, Cinna, Circaea, Cirsium, Citrullus, Clarkia, Claytonia, Clematis, Clinopodium, Clintonia, Cochlearia, Coix, Colchicum, Coleanthus, Collinsia, Collomia, Columbiadoria, Colutea, Comandra, Comarum, Comastoma, Commelina, Conioselinum, Conium, Conringia, Convallaria, Convolvulus, Conyza, Coptis, Corallorhiza, Cordylanthus, Coreopsis, Corispermum, Cornus, Corrigiola, Cortaderia, Corydalis, Corylus, Corynephorus, Cota, Cotoneaster, Cotula, Crassula, Crataegus, Crepis, Crocidium, Crocosmia, Crocus, Croton, Cruciata, Crupina, Crypsis, Cryptantha, Cryptogramma, Cucurbita, Cuscuta, Cusickiella, Cyclachaena, Cyclamen, Cycloloma, Cymbalaria, Cymopterus, Cynodon, Cynoglossum, Cynosurus, Cyperus, Cypripedium, Cystopteris, CytisusCacaliopsis nardosmia – silvercrown luina, tall silvercrown
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows and open forests, moderately dry.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows and open forests, moderately dry.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Cakile edentula – American searocket
Distribution: Occurring in coastal counties in Washington; Alaska south to California along the coast.
Habitat: At water's edge in sand or gravel.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring in coastal counties in Washington; Alaska south to California along the coast.
Habitat: At water's edge in sand or gravel.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-September
Cakile maritima – European sea rocket
Distribution: Occurring along coastal counties in Washington; British Columbia south to California along the coast.
Habitat: At water's edge in sand or gravel.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring along coastal counties in Washington; British Columbia south to California along the coast.
Habitat: At water's edge in sand or gravel.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-September
• ssp. maritima – European sea rocket
Calamagrostis canadensis – bluejoint reedgrass
Distribution: Alaska to Quebec, south through the United States except for the Deep South
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
Distribution: Alaska to Quebec, south through the United States except for the Deep South
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
• var. canadensis – bluejoint reedgrass
Calamagrostis rubescens – pinegrass
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana and Colorado
Habitat: Dry to moist areas, open sagebrush flats to timbered slopes, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Montana and Colorado
Habitat: Dry to moist areas, open sagebrush flats to timbered slopes, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
Calamagrostis stricta – slimstem reedgrass
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
• ssp. inexpansa – narrow-spiked reedgrass
• ssp. stricta – narrow-spiked reedgrass
Calamagrostis tweedyi – Cascade reed grass
Distribution: Wenatchee Mountains, Chelan and Kittitas County, Washington, and Idaho County, Idaho
Habitat: Moist meadows and subalpine slopes, usually in timber
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - Early August
Distribution: Wenatchee Mountains, Chelan and Kittitas County, Washington, and Idaho County, Idaho
Habitat: Moist meadows and subalpine slopes, usually in timber
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - Early August
Calamovilfa longifolia – prairie sandreed
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• var. longifolia – prairie sandgrass sandreed, prairie sandreed
Calandrinia ciliata – fringed redmaids, redmainds
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly to heavy soil, usually where vernally moist, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Gravelly to heavy soil, usually where vernally moist, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Callitriche hermaphroditica – autumn water-starwort, northern water-starwort
Distribution: Across northern North America, south to central California, northern New Mexico, the Great Lakes, and northeast United States.
Habitat: Sloughs and streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Across northern North America, south to central California, northern New Mexico, the Great Lakes, and northeast United States.
Habitat: Sloughs and streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Callitriche heterophylla – different-leaved water-starwort
Distribution: North and South America and Greenland.
Habitat: Sloughs and slow-moving, fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: North and South America and Greenland.
Habitat: Sloughs and slow-moving, fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
• var. bolanderi – Bolander's different-leaved water-starwort
Callitriche marginata – winged water-starwort
Distribution: Reported from eastern counties in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Reported from eastern counties in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Ponds, lakes, slow-moving streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Callitriche palustris – spring water-starwort, vernal water-starwort
Distribution: General in North America except Mexico and south and southeast United States.
Habitat: Sloughs and slow-moving fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: General in North America except Mexico and south and southeast United States.
Habitat: Sloughs and slow-moving fresh water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Callitriche stagnalis – pond water-starwort
Distribution: Introduced in the Pacific Coast states, Montana, and some Eastern states
Habitat: Uncommon in streams, ponds and ditches
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Introduced in the Pacific Coast states, Montana, and some Eastern states
Habitat: Uncommon in streams, ponds and ditches
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May - August
Callitropsis nootkatensis – Alaskan yellow cedar
Distribution: In the Cascades and Olympic Mountains of Washington; Alaska south at increasing altitudes to northern California.
Habitat: Moist areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Cones: May-July
Distribution: In the Cascades and Olympic Mountains of Washington; Alaska south at increasing altitudes to northern California.
Habitat: Moist areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Cones: May-July
Calochortus apiculatus – Baker's mariposa, three-spot mariposa-lily
Distribution: Occurring in the northeast corner of Washington; southern British Columbia south to Washington, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes in open coniferous woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring in the northeast corner of Washington; southern British Columbia south to Washington, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes in open coniferous woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Calochortus elegans – elegant cats-ear, northwestern mariposa, elegant sego lily
Distribution: East of the Casades in Washington; Washington south to Oregon and northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and open coniferous forests, mid- to high elvations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: East of the Casades in Washington; Washington south to Oregon and northern California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grassy hillsides and open coniferous forests, mid- to high elvations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
• var. elegans – elegant cat's ear, northwest mariposa lily
Calochortus eurycarpus – big-pod mariposa lily, wide-fruited mariposa
Distribution: Occurring in southeastern Washington; eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Grasslands and open coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring in southeastern Washington; eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Grasslands and open coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Calochortus longebarbatus – long-bearded sego lily
Distribution: Yakima County, Washington, south through eastern Oregon to northern California.
Habitat: Open meadows, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Yakima County, Washington, south through eastern Oregon to northern California.
Habitat: Open meadows, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Calochortus lyallii – Lyall's mariposa-lily
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south along the east slope of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Dry, open coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south along the east slope of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Dry, open coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Calochortus macrocarpus – sagebrush mariposa, green-banded star-tulip
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry open forests and hills, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry open forests and hills, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. macrocarpus – sagebrush mariposa
• var. maculosus – sagebrush mariposa
Calochortus nitidus – broad-fruited mariposa lily
Distribution: Occurring in Whitman County in Washington; Washington east to adjacent areas of Idaho and in northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring in Whitman County in Washington; Washington east to adjacent areas of Idaho and in northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows at low elevation.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Calochortus subalpinus – mountain mariposa, subalpine mariposa-lily
Distribution: Chiefly in the Cascades of Washington near Mt. Adams and Mt St. Helens, Washington; south to the Three Sisters in Oregon.
Habitat: Open forests in loose volcanic soils, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Chiefly in the Cascades of Washington near Mt. Adams and Mt St. Helens, Washington; south to the Three Sisters in Oregon.
Habitat: Open forests in loose volcanic soils, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Caltha biflora – broadleaved marsh-marigold, twinflowered marsh-marigold
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascade crest; Alaska south to California, east to western Nevada.
Habitat: Open wet area in subalpine and alpine marshes and seepages.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascade crest; Alaska south to California, east to western Nevada.
Habitat: Open wet area in subalpine and alpine marshes and seepages.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Caltha leptosepala – elkslip
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet places in subalpine and alpine regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wet places in subalpine and alpine regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Caltha palustris – yellow marshmarigold
Distribution: Coastal Alaska, south along the coast to Oregon
Habitat: Mostly in coastal bogs
Origin: Both native and introduced populations
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Coastal Alaska, south along the coast to Oregon
Habitat: Mostly in coastal bogs
Origin: Both native and introduced populations
Flowers: July-August
Calypso bulbosa
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska to Labrador, south to California and New York.
Habitat: Mostly in cool, deep shade of moist forests in soil rich in humus, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska to Labrador, south to California and New York.
Habitat: Mostly in cool, deep shade of moist forests in soil rich in humus, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
• var. americana – calypso, fairy-slipper
• var. occidentalis – calypso, fairy-slipper
Calyptridium umbellatum – pussypaws
Distribution: In Washington occurring throughout the Cascades Mountains; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Ponderosa pine woods, to subalpine sandy flats and knolls, to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In Washington occurring throughout the Cascades Mountains; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Utah.
Habitat: Ponderosa pine woods, to subalpine sandy flats and knolls, to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Calystegia atriplicifolia – night-blooming morning-glory
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
• ssp. atriplicifolia – night-blooming morning-glory
Calystegia sepium – hedge bindweed
Distribution: Disturbed areas, both sides of the Cascades; temperate regions worldwide.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, particularly in association with agriculture.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Disturbed areas, both sides of the Cascades; temperate regions worldwide.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, particularly in association with agriculture.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
• ssp. angulata – hedge bindweed, lady's nightcap
Calystegia soldanella – seashore false bindweed, beach morning glory, beach morning-glory, seaside morning-glory
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; British Columbia south to San Diego County, California.
Habitat: Coastal beaches and sand dunes, often extending down to the high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; British Columbia south to San Diego County, California.
Habitat: Coastal beaches and sand dunes, often extending down to the high tide level.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Camassia leichtlinii – great camas
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows, prairies and hillsides where moist, at least in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Meadows, prairies and hillsides where moist, at least in early spring.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
• ssp. suksdorfii – large camas
Camassia quamash – common camas
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Open, moist areas, often where dry by late spring, at low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Open, moist areas, often where dry by late spring, at low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
• ssp. azurea – blue camas, prairie camas
• ssp. breviflora – eastern camas
• ssp. maxima – dark camas, large camas
• ssp. quamash – common camas
Camelina microcarpa – hairy false flax, littlepod false flax
Distribution: East of the Cascades and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; widely distributed throughout nearly all of North America.
Habitat: Weed of dry places.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; widely distributed throughout nearly all of North America.
Habitat: Weed of dry places.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Camissonia contorta – contorted pod suncup, twisted suncup
Distribution: Along the coast and along the Columbia and Snake Rivers in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy soil along the coast and along inland rivers.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Along the coast and along the Columbia and Snake Rivers in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sandy soil along the coast and along inland rivers.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Camissonia parvula – Lewis river suncup
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Open to disturbed grasslands, sandy areas, sagebrush, and scrub forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Open to disturbed grasslands, sandy areas, sagebrush, and scrub forest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Campanula lasiocarpa – Alaska bellflower, Alaska harebell
Distribution: Local in Washington to western Cascades of Puget Trough; Alaska south to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Uncommon in meadows at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Local in Washington to western Cascades of Puget Trough; Alaska south to Washington, east to Northwest Territories and Alberta.
Habitat: Uncommon in meadows at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Campanula parryi – Parry's bellflower, Parry's harebell
Distribution: Local in Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; central and northern Idaho and adjacent Montana.
Habitat: High elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Local in Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; central and northern Idaho and adjacent Montana.
Habitat: High elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
• var. idahoensis – Parry's harebell
Campanula persicifolia – peach-leaf bellflower
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Utah; eastern North America; introduced from Europe.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation; occurring in moderately moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon and Utah; eastern North America; introduced from Europe.
Habitat: Escaping from cultivation; occurring in moderately moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-August
Campanula piperi – Olympic bellflower
Distribution: Olympic Mountains in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Olympic Mountains in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Campanula rapunculoides – creeping bellflower, rover harebell
Distribution: Introduced garden species, often escaping in scattered localities across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist soil at low elevations
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Introduced garden species, often escaping in scattered localities across Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist soil at low elevations
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Campanula rotundifolia – bluebell-of-scotland
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Campanula scabrella – rough bellflower, rough harebell
Distribution: In the Cascades of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In the Cascades of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Campanula scouleri – pale bellflower
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but chiefly to the west; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Openings in moist woods, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but chiefly to the west; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Openings in moist woods, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Canadanthus modestus – few flowered aster, great northern aster
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout mountainous areas of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Michigan.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist woods at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout mountainous areas of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Michigan.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist woods at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Cannabis sativa – hemp, marihuana
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States
Habitat: Illegal plantings in openings in the forests
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States
Habitat: Illegal plantings in openings in the forests
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Capsella bursa-pastoris – shepherd's-purse
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Weed of disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-July
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Weed of disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-July
Caragana arborescens – Siberian peashrub
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout the western, central, and northeastern regions of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including wastelots, roadsides, and fields.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout the western, central, and northeastern regions of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including wastelots, roadsides, and fields.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Cardamine angulata – angled bittercress, seaside bittercress
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to northern California.
Habitat: Wet ground, especially along stream banks, often in deep woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Cardamine bellidifolia – alpine bittercress
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; circumpolar, south in North America to California and New Hampshire.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade mountains in Washington; circumpolar, south in North America to California and New Hampshire.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Cardamine breweri – Brewer's bittercress, round bittercress
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana south to Colorado.
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains from Montana south to Colorado.
Habitat: Stream margins, wet meadows, pond shores, and other riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Cardamine cordifolia – heart-leaved bittercress, large mountain bittercress, Lyall's bittercress
Distribution: In the Cascades, but not the Olympic Mountains, in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist meadows in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: In the Cascades, but not the Olympic Mountains, in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Streambanks and moist meadows in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Cardamine flexuosa – wavy bittercress
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-September
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-September
Cardamine hirsuta – hairy bittercress
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia to California and throughout much of the eastern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia to California and throughout much of the eastern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed ground at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: March-June
Cardamine nuttallii – beautiful bittercres, beautiful bittercress, Nuttall's toothwort, slender toothwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Seasonally moist soils of forest openings to forest understory, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Cardamine oligosperma – few-seeded bittercress, little western bittercress
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; more common west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; more common west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Widespread, but mostly in seasonally wet, open or forested areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Cardamine pensylvanica – Pennsylvania bittercress, quaker bittercress
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east through the Rockies to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Moist places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Cardamine pratensis – cuckoo flower, cuckooflower
Distribution: Currently known only from King County in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; more commonly found in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including lawns and forest edges of urban and suburban areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Currently known only from King County in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; more commonly found in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including lawns and forest edges of urban and suburban areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Cardionema ramosissima – sandcarpet, sandmat
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; south to Mexico.
Habitat: Sandy beaches along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; south to Mexico.
Habitat: Sandy beaches along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Carduus acanthoides – plumeless thistle, spiny plumeless thistle
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in Washington and Idaho
Habitat: Disturbed, dry ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in Washington and Idaho
Habitat: Disturbed, dry ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Carduus nutans – musk thistle, nodding thistle
Distribution: Scattered introductions throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moderately dry, open areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - October
Distribution: Scattered introductions throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moderately dry, open areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - October
Carduus pycnocephalus – Italian plumeless thistle
Distribution: Known from Clallam County in Washington; Washington to California and Idaho, also in central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Known from Clallam County in Washington; Washington to California and Idaho, also in central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
• ssp. pycnocephalus – Italian plumeless thistle
Carduus tenuiflorus – slender flowered thistle, winged plumeless thistle
Distribution: Introduced in western WA; south to California and sparingly introduced in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Introduced in western WA; south to California and sparingly introduced in eastern U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Carex albonigra – black-and-white-scaled sedge
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascade and Olympic mountains of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine areas, high elevation talus and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascade and Olympic mountains of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Alpine areas, high elevation talus and scree.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex amplifolia – big-leaf sedge
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and the Steens Mountains of Oregon
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and other wet places, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late May - July
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and the Steens Mountains of Oregon
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and other wet places, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late May - July
Carex angustata – many-fruit sedge, wide-fruited sedge
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet meadows in riparian zones from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet meadows in riparian zones from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex anthoxanthea – grassy-slope arctic sedge, yellow-flowered sedge
Distribution: Known from along the coast in Washington; Alaska south to Washington.
Habitat: Bogs and wet meadows from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Known from along the coast in Washington; Alaska south to Washington.
Habitat: Bogs and wet meadows from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Carex aquatilis
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes; east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Standing water or saturated soil, foothills to near timberline in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes; east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Standing water or saturated soil, foothills to near timberline in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. aquatilis – water sedge
• var. dives – Sitka sedge
Carex aurea – golden sedge, pumpkin sedge
Distribution: Across Canada, south to California and Pennsylvania
Habitat: Moist or wet places from the lowlands to near timberline in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - August
Distribution: Across Canada, south to California and Pennsylvania
Habitat: Moist or wet places from the lowlands to near timberline in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - August
Carex breweri – Brewer's sedge
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Open slopes, ridges, and rocky areas of the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Open slopes, ridges, and rocky areas of the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex brunnescens – brown sedge
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes, south through the Cascades to the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon
Habitat: Wet places in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes, south through the Cascades to the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon
Habitat: Wet places in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
• ssp. brunnescens – brownish sedge
Carex canescens – silvery sedge
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• ssp. canescens – grey sedge, silvery sedge
Carex capitata – capitate sedge
Distribution: Occurring in northwestern and north-central Washington near the Canadian border; Alaska south to California and Nevada (but not in Oregon), east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring in northwestern and north-central Washington near the Canadian border; Alaska south to California and Nevada (but not in Oregon), east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex comosa – bearded sedge, bristly sedge
Distribution: Widespread in eastern United States, occasional in Washington, Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Marshes and wet meadows from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Widespread in eastern United States, occasional in Washington, Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Marshes and wet meadows from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Carex cusickii – Cusick's sedge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wetlands, lake and pond edges, and other wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Wetlands, lake and pond edges, and other wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Carex douglasii – Douglas' sedge
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to central North America.
Habitat: Dry to wet soils in sagebrush grasslands, riparian zones, and forest margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to central North America.
Habitat: Dry to wet soils in sagebrush grasslands, riparian zones, and forest margins.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Carex echinata
Distribution: Circumboreal, south to North Carolina and, in the mountains, to California
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and other wet places, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Distribution: Circumboreal, south to North Carolina and, in the mountains, to California
Habitat: Swamps, bogs and other wet places, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
• ssp. echinata – star sedge
• ssp. phyllomanica – coastal star sedge
Carex feta – green-sheath sedge
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Marshes and wet meadows from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Marshes and wet meadows from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Carex filifolia – thread-leaved sedge
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
• var. filifolia – thread-leaf sedge
Carex geyeri – elk sedge, Geyer's sedge
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to Colorado
Habitat: Open woodlands and dry meadows, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to Colorado
Habitat: Open woodlands and dry meadows, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Carex hendersonii – Henderson's sedge
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Boggy areas and wet woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Boggy areas and wet woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Carex heteroneura – different-veined sedge, smooth-fruited sedge
Distribution: Occurring along the Canadian border in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Sasketchewan and Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to wet sites in the subalpine and alpine zones.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring along the Canadian border in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Sasketchewan and Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to wet sites in the subalpine and alpine zones.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex inops – long-stolon sedge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, south in Rocky Mountains from Alberta to New Mexico, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings, open slopes, and near streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, south in Rocky Mountains from Alberta to New Mexico, east to the Great Plains and Great Lakes region.
Habitat: Forest openings, open slopes, and near streams in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
• ssp. inops – long-stolon sedge
Carex interrupta – green-fruited sedge, interrupted sedge
Distribution: Along the Columbia River from Douglas County through Klickitat County, south in Oregon west of the Cascades
Habitat: Rocky banks and streambeds, and other low, wet places
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Distribution: Along the Columbia River from Douglas County through Klickitat County, south in Oregon west of the Cascades
Habitat: Rocky banks and streambeds, and other low, wet places
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Carex kelloggii
Distribution: Across Canada, south to California (in the mountains) and Massachusetts
Habitat: Wet meadows and streambanks, sea level to near timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Across Canada, south to California (in the mountains) and Massachusetts
Habitat: Wet meadows and streambanks, sea level to near timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
• var. impressa – few-ribbed sedge
• var. kelloggii – Kellogg's sedge, lakeshore sedge
• var. limnophila – lakeshore sedge
Carex lacustris – lake sedge
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern corner of Washington; Alberta south to Idaho, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wetland, swamps, and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern corner of Washington; Alberta south to Idaho, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wetland, swamps, and marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Carex lasiocarpa – wiregrass
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Idaho and Montana in our area; also throughout northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet meadows, bogs, fens, streambanks, and lakeshores where sometimes forming floating mats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Idaho and Montana in our area; also throughout northeastern North America.
Habitat: Wet meadows, bogs, fens, streambanks, and lakeshores where sometimes forming floating mats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Carex lyngbyei – Lyngbye's sedge
Distribution: Circumboreal along the seacoasts; south to northern California in our area
Habitat: Coastal marches and tidal flats
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: Circumboreal along the seacoasts; south to northern California in our area
Habitat: Coastal marches and tidal flats
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Carex macrocephala – bighead sedge
Distribution: Occurring in counties along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon; northern Pacific Rim.
Habitat: Sandy saltwater beaches and dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring in counties along the Puget Sound and outer coast in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon; northern Pacific Rim.
Habitat: Sandy saltwater beaches and dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Carex mertensii – Mertens' sedge
Distribution: Alaska south in the mountains and the coast ranges of Oregon to northwest California
Habitat: Wet, open or shaded areas from the lowlands to near timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Alaska south in the mountains and the coast ranges of Oregon to northwest California
Habitat: Wet, open or shaded areas from the lowlands to near timberline
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Carex microptera – small-winged sedge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory south to Mexico, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to dry meadows and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory south to Mexico, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist to dry meadows and streambanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Carex nardina – spikenard sedge
Distribution: In the Olympics and Cascades of Washington;
Habitat: Alpine rocky outcroppings, slopes, and ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In the Olympics and Cascades of Washington;
Habitat: Alpine rocky outcroppings, slopes, and ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Carex nebrascensis – Nebraska sedge
Distribution: East of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Kansas
Habitat: Wet meadows and other wet areas, often in alkaline areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: East of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Kansas
Habitat: Wet meadows and other wet areas, often in alkaline areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Carex obnupta – slough sedge
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Standing water or saturated soil, coastal swamps and along rivers
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to California
Habitat: Standing water or saturated soil, coastal swamps and along rivers
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Carex pansa – sand sedge
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Dunes, meadows, and other open areas along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Along the coast in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Dunes, meadows, and other open areas along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Carex pauciflora – few-flowered edge
Distribution: Near the coast, Alaska to northern Washington, and in northeastern United States
Habitat: Bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Near the coast, Alaska to northern Washington, and in northeastern United States
Habitat: Bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Carex pellita – woolly sedge
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Wet to dry meadows from low elevations to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: Wet to dry meadows from low elevations to montane.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Carex preslii – Presl's sedge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Open, dry to seasonally dry areas from montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Open, dry to seasonally dry areas from montane to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Carex rostrata – northern beaked sedge
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, east to Montana, and in the Great Lakes region
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, east to Montana, and in the Great Lakes region
Habitat: Sphagnum bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Carex scirpoidea – single-spike sedge
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• ssp. pseudoscirpoidea – western single-spiked sedge
• ssp. scirpoidea – northern single-spike sedge
• ssp. stenochlaena – Alaska singlespike sedge
Carex scopulorum
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. bracteosa – Sierra alpine sedge
• var. prionophyllum – firethread sedge
Carex spectabilis – showy sedge
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Montana
Habitat: Damp meadows and other wet places, mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska to California, east to Alberta and Montana
Habitat: Damp meadows and other wet places, mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Carex stipata
Distribution: Alaska, Canada and most of the United states
Habitat: Wet ground, lowlands (especially west of the Cascades) to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Alaska, Canada and most of the United states
Habitat: Wet ground, lowlands (especially west of the Cascades) to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
• var. stipata – awl-fruited sedge, sawbeak sedge
Carex stylosa – long-style sedge
Distribution: Alaska to Clallam County, Washington, east across Canada to Labrador
Habitat: Usually near the coast
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska to Clallam County, Washington, east across Canada to Labrador
Habitat: Usually near the coast
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Carex tribuloides – tribulation sedge
Distribution: In Washington known only from King and Pierce counties; central Great Plains of the U.S. north and east to Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Lowland riparian areas, likely associated with disturbance.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: In Washington known only from King and Pierce counties; central Great Plains of the U.S. north and east to Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Lowland riparian areas, likely associated with disturbance.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
• var. tribuloides – blunt broom sedge
Carex vulpinoidea – fox sedge
Distribution: Much of the United States and southern Canada; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington
Habitat: Marshes and standing water, lowlands and foothills
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Much of the United States and southern Canada; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington
Habitat: Marshes and standing water, lowlands and foothills
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Carthamus tinctorius – safflower
Distribution: Escaped from cultivation in many western and mid-western states.
Habitat: Disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region, usually a waif
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Escaped from cultivation in many western and mid-western states.
Habitat: Disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region, usually a waif
Flowers: May - August
Cascadia nuttallii – Nuttall's saxifrage
Distribution: Grays Harbor and Pacific counties in Washington; Washington south along the Oregon coast to Curry County, Oregon.
Habitat: Wet banks and near waterfalls, usually growing in moss.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Distribution: Grays Harbor and Pacific counties in Washington; Washington south along the Oregon coast to Curry County, Oregon.
Habitat: Wet banks and near waterfalls, usually growing in moss.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Cassiope lycopodioides – club-moss mountain-heather, clubmoss mountain-heather
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Washington.
Habitat: Alpine rocky slopes and crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Washington.
Habitat: Alpine rocky slopes and crevices.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cassiope mertensiana – Mertens's moss-heather
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Open, rocky areas in the alpine and subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
• ssp. mertensiana – Mertens' mountain heather, western moss heather
Cassiope tetragona – four-angled moss-heather
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, also in Montana
Habitat: Open, rocky areas in the alpine and subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, also in Montana
Habitat: Open, rocky areas in the alpine and subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• ssp. saximontana – four-angled mountain heather, white arctic mountain heather
Castilleja ambigua – paint-brush owl-clover
Distribution: Coastal areas, Washington to California
Habitat: Salt marshes and borders of brackish ponds
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Coastal areas, Washington to California
Habitat: Salt marshes and borders of brackish ponds
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• var. ambigua – salt-marsh paintbrush
Castilleja attenuata – attenuate paintbrush, valley-tassels
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Arizona.
Habitat: Drier areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Arizona.
Habitat: Drier areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Castilleja cervina – deer paintbrush
Distribution: Northeast Washington; British Columbia east to northern Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and woodlands at moderate to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Northeast Washington; British Columbia east to northern Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Grasslands and woodlands at moderate to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Castilleja chambersii – Chambers's Indian paintbrush
Distribution: Known only from Pacific County in Washington; Pacific County, WA south to Clatsop County, OR.
Habitat: Forest openings, embankments, and rock outcroppings typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Known only from Pacific County in Washington; Pacific County, WA south to Clatsop County, OR.
Habitat: Forest openings, embankments, and rock outcroppings typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Castilleja cryptantha – obscure paintbrush
Distribution: Endemic to Mt. Rainier National Park and immediate vicinity, Washington.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Endemic to Mt. Rainier National Park and immediate vicinity, Washington.
Habitat: Moist subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Castilleja cusickii – Cusick's paintbrush
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Alberta south to Montana and Wyoming, west through Idaho to northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Open areas, lower valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Alberta south to Montana and Wyoming, west through Idaho to northeast Oregon.
Habitat: Open areas, lower valleys to subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Castilleja elmeri – Elmer's paintbrush
Distribution: Wenatchee Mountains and the east slope of the Cascades, Kittitas County, Washington; north into British Columbia.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Wenatchee Mountains and the east slope of the Cascades, Kittitas County, Washington; north into British Columbia.
Habitat: Moist, open slopes at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Castilleja hispida – harsh paintbrush
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: Grassy slopes and forest openings, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late April - August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: Grassy slopes and forest openings, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late April - August
• var. acuta – harsh paintbrush
• var. hispida – harsh paintbrush
Castilleja levisecta – golden paintbrush
Distribution: Puget Sound of Washington; Vancouver Island south to the Willamette Valley of Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Distribution: Puget Sound of Washington; Vancouver Island south to the Willamette Valley of Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and prairies at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-September
Castilleja lutescens – yellow paintbrush
Distribution: Eastern Washington; east to northwestern Montana and south through Idaho to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Low, dry grasslands and woodlands, occasionally to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Eastern Washington; east to northwestern Montana and south through Idaho to northeastern Oregon.
Habitat: Low, dry grasslands and woodlands, occasionally to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Castilleja miniata – common paintbrush, scarlet paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring throughout much of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S., east to Ontario in Canada.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and slopes; also on coastal bluffs; widespread and common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring throughout much of Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S., east to Ontario in Canada.
Habitat: Mountain meadows and slopes; also on coastal bluffs; widespread and common.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
• var. dixonii – Dixon's paintbrush
• var. miniata – scarlet paintbrush
Castilleja minor – annual paintbrush
Distribution: Central Washington and eastern Oregon to southern Montana, south to Arizona.
Habitat: Alkaline marshes and meadows, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - September
Distribution: Central Washington and eastern Oregon to southern Montana, south to Arizona.
Habitat: Alkaline marshes and meadows, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - September
• var. exilis – seep paintbrush
Castilleja parviflora – small-flowered paintbrush
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forest openings at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forest openings at high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• var. albida – mountain Indian paintbrush
• var. olympica – Olympic paintbrush
• var. oreopola – magenta paintbrush
Castilleja rupicola – cliff paintbrush
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; from southern British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky slopes, usually above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; from southern British Columbia to central Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky slopes, usually above timberline.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Castilleja suksdorfii – Suksdorf's paintbrush
Distribution: In Washington chiefly in the Cascades from Mt. Adams south, occasionally north to Whatcom County; south to Crater Lake, Oregon.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forests along streams and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: In Washington chiefly in the Cascades from Mt. Adams south, occasionally north to Whatcom County; south to Crater Lake, Oregon.
Habitat: Subalpine meadows and forests along streams and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Castilleja tenuis – thin paintbrush
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington but more common eastward; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows and other moist sites, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington but more common eastward; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Vernally moist meadows and other moist sites, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Castilleja thompsonii – Thompson's paintbrush
Distribution: East of the Cascade summits in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush deserts to high mountain ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: East of the Cascade summits in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry sagebrush deserts to high mountain ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Castilleja victoriae – Victoria's paintbrush
Distribution: San Juan Islands in WA; Victoria, B.C.
Habitat: Seasonally moist balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: San Juan Islands in WA; Victoria, B.C.
Habitat: Seasonally moist balds.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Caulanthus lasiophyllus – California mustard, cutleaf thelypody, coast range western-cabbage
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
Ceanothus integerrimus – deerbrush
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington along and near the Columbia; Washington south to Baja California.
Habitat: Dry, open forests and open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington along and near the Columbia; Washington south to Baja California.
Habitat: Dry, open forests and open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Ceanothus prostratus – Mahala mat, squawcarpet
Distribution: East slope of the Cascades in Washington from , Yakima County south; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and western Nevada.
Habitat: Drier open woods, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East slope of the Cascades in Washington from , Yakima County south; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and western Nevada.
Habitat: Drier open woods, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Ceanothus sanguineus – redstem ceanothus, Oregon teatree
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist to dry open woods, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Moist to dry open woods, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Ceanothus velutinus – mountain balm, greasewood, sticky-laurel, tobacco-brush
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to South Dakota and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to South Dakota and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to dry open forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• var. laevigatus – mt. balm, greasewood, sticky-laurel
• var. velutinus – mt. balm, greasewood
Celtis reticulata – netleaf hackberry
Distribution: Primarily along the Columbia River and Snake River in Washington; Washington south to California, east through Southern Rockies to Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas.
Habitat: Open slopes and rocky bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Primarily along the Columbia River and Snake River in Washington; Washington south to California, east through Southern Rockies to Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas.
Habitat: Open slopes and rocky bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Cenchrus longispinus – longspine sandbur, mat sandbur
Distribution: Eastern Washington, south to Mexico, east to much of the United States.
Habitat: Sandy river banks.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Eastern Washington, south to Mexico, east to much of the United States.
Habitat: Sandy river banks.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Centaurea calcitrapa – purple starthistle, red starthistle
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Centaurea cyanus – bachelor's button, garden cornflower
Distribution: Widespread introductions in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Readily established when escaped from cultivation
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May - October
Distribution: Widespread introductions in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Readily established when escaped from cultivation
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: May - October
Centaurea diffusa – diffuse knapweed, tumble knapweed, white knapweed
Distribution: Introduced throughout the Pacific Northwest; widespread and common in eastern Washington
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from the eastern Mediterranean region
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Introduced throughout the Pacific Northwest; widespread and common in eastern Washington
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced from the eastern Mediterranean region
Flowers: July - September
Centaurea ×gerstlaueri – hybrid knapweed, meadow knapweed, protean knapweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open ground, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Open ground, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Centaurea jacea – brown knapweed, brownray knapweed
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Centaurea macrocephala – globe knapweed
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in Washington
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in Washington
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Centaurea melitensis – Maltese starthistle, tocalote
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Mexicos, east to Texas and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Mexicos, east to Texas and eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from the Mediterranean region
Flowers: June-September
Centaurea montana – mountain bluet, mountain cornflower, montane starthistle
Distribution: In scattered locations throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Utah; in upper midwestern and northeastern U.S. and Canada.
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation; open, disturbed areas in shrub-steppe, forests, and along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: In scattered locations throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana and Utah; in upper midwestern and northeastern U.S. and Canada.
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation; open, disturbed areas in shrub-steppe, forests, and along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Centaurea nigra – hardheads, black knapweed, lesser knapweed
Distribution: Introduced in the Pacific Northwest and northeastern United States
Habitat: Uncommon weed in disturbed soil
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Distribution: Introduced in the Pacific Northwest and northeastern United States
Habitat: Uncommon weed in disturbed soil
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Centaurea nigrescens – short fringed knapweed, Tyrol knapweed
Distribution: Introduced and widely distributed in northeast United States and southeast Canada; occasional in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Distribution: Introduced and widely distributed in northeast United States and southeast Canada; occasional in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July - October
Centaurea solstitialis – yellow starthistle, St. Barnaby's thistle
Distribution: Introduced in most of the United States; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Introduced in most of the United States; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Noxious weed of dry, disturbed areas
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Centaurea stoebe – spotted knapweed
Distribution: Widely established throughout Washington; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadasides, and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-October
Distribution: Widely established throughout Washington; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadasides, and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-October
• ssp. australis – spotted knapweed
Centaurium erythraea – common centaury, European centaury
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California east to Idaho; eastern North America.
Habitat: Escaped to meadows, prairies and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California east to Idaho; eastern North America.
Habitat: Escaped to meadows, prairies and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Centranthus ruber – Jupiter's-beard
Distribution: Introduced in Oregon, California, Utah and Arizona
Habitat: Garden ornamental, occasionally escapes
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Distribution: Introduced in Oregon, California, Utah and Arizona
Habitat: Garden ornamental, occasionally escapes
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Centromadia pungens – common spikeweed
Distribution: Known from central and southeastern Washington; Native in California; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Arizona.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields and waste places.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-Sept.
Distribution: Known from central and southeastern Washington; Native in California; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Arizona.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields and waste places.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-Sept.
• ssp. pungens – common spikeweed, western spikeweed
Cephalanthera austiniae – phantom orchid
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Generally deep coniferous woods where somewhat moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Generally deep coniferous woods where somewhat moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Cerastium arvense – starry cerastium, field chickweed, field mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains in Washington. Widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Coastal cliffs to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains in Washington. Widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Coastal cliffs to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
• ssp. strictum – field chickweed
Cerastium beeringianum – alpine chickweed
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascade Mountains in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S.; east across Canada to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Alpine zone, mostly in cirques or on talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascade Mountains in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S.; east across Canada to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Alpine zone, mostly in cirques or on talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Cerastium dichotomum – dry chickweed
Distribution: Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, especially along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, especially along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Cerastium fontanum – common mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Introduced and common in most of Canada and the United States; more common east of the Cascades
Habitat: Disturbed ground, lawns and gardens
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March - September
Distribution: Introduced and common in most of Canada and the United States; more common east of the Cascades
Habitat: Disturbed ground, lawns and gardens
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March - September
• ssp. vulgare – common chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed
Cerastium glomeratum – sticky mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; occurring throughout western and eastern North America.
Habitat: Low elevations in disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington, but more common west of the Cascades crest; occurring throughout western and eastern North America.
Habitat: Low elevations in disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Cerastium nutans – nodding mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, south in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Arizona, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist banks and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, south in the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Arizona, east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist banks and woodlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
• var. nutans – nodding chickweed
Cerastium pumilum – dwarf chickweed, dwarf mouse ear
Distribution: Introduced at scattered locations in Washngton.
Habitat: Dry, sandy or gravelly places, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April - May
Distribution: Introduced at scattered locations in Washngton.
Habitat: Dry, sandy or gravelly places, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April - May
Cerastium tomentosum – snow-in-summer
Distribution: Occasionally escaping cultivation in lowland northwestern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across northern U.S. and southern Canada to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, waste sites.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Occasionally escaping cultivation in lowland northwestern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across northern U.S. and southern Canada to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, waste sites.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-May
Ceratocephala testiculata – hornseed buttercup
Distribution: Introduced in all of western United States, and east in the northern half of the United States to Ohio; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Disturbed soil in sagebrush deserts and plains
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Distribution: Introduced in all of western United States, and east in the northern half of the United States to Ohio; chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Disturbed soil in sagebrush deserts and plains
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-May
Ceratophyllum demersum – coon's-tail
Distribution: Throughout much of temperate North America
Habitat: Standing to slow-moving water, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Throughout much of temperate North America
Habitat: Standing to slow-moving water, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Cercocarpus ledifolius
Distribution: Southeast Washington; Washington south Oregon to Arizona, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry areas, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Southeast Washington; Washington south Oregon to Arizona, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry areas, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
• var. intermontanus – birchleaf mountain-mahogany
• var. ledifolius – mountain mahogany
Chaenactis douglasii – hoary chaenactis, hoary false-yarrow
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe and foothills to higher elevations in forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe and foothills to higher elevations in forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
• var. douglasii – dustymaidens, hoary false yarrow
Chaenactis thompsonii – Thompson's pincushion
Distribution: Occurring primarily in the serpentine slopes of the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington.
Habitat: Open, usually rocky areas, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring primarily in the serpentine slopes of the Wenatchee Mountains in Washington.
Habitat: Open, usually rocky areas, at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Chaenorhinum minus – dwarf-snapdragon
Distribution: Scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Roadside, disturbed open areas, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Distribution: Scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Roadside, disturbed open areas, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Chaerophyllum temulum – rough chervil
Distribution: Currently known in Washington from King County area; distributed in scattered localities in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge and understory
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Currently known in Washington from King County area; distributed in scattered localities in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Forest edge and understory
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Chamaenerion angustifolium – fireweed
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open areas, sea level to subalpine, especially in burned areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widespread throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Open areas, sea level to subalpine, especially in burned areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Chamaenerion latifolium – broad-leaf fireweed, red willow-herb
Distribution: Occurring in most mountainous areas of Washington except the southeast corner; Alaska south to the Sierra Nevada of California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: River bars, along streams, and drier subalpine to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring in most mountainous areas of Washington except the southeast corner; Alaska south to the Sierra Nevada of California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: River bars, along streams, and drier subalpine to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Chelidonium majus – devil's milk, swallow wort
Distribution: Weedy introduction across southern Canada and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, roadsides, fields, waste areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Weedy introduction across southern Canada and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Moist to dry woods, roadsides, fields, waste areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - July
Chenopodiastrum murale – nettleleaf goosefoot, wall goosefoot, sowbane
Distribution: Introduced throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Introduced throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - August
Chenopodiastrum simplex – giant goosefoot, maple leaf goosefoot
Distribution: Introduced in much of North America; British Columbia to California in the West.
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and waste areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Introduced in much of North America; British Columbia to California in the West.
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and waste areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Chenopodium album – lambsquarters, pigweed
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout much of temperate North America.
Habitat: Widespread weed of disturbed areas, including gardens, roadsides, and waste lots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe, but some populations in the mid-west may be native to North America, according to FNA
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout much of temperate North America.
Habitat: Widespread weed of disturbed areas, including gardens, roadsides, and waste lots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe, but some populations in the mid-west may be native to North America, according to FNA
Flowers: June-September
Chenopodium berlandieri – Berlandieri's goosefoot
Distribution: Native throughout the United States and Canada
Habitat: Yards, roadsides, sandy washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August - September
Distribution: Native throughout the United States and Canada
Habitat: Yards, roadsides, sandy washes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August - September
• var. zschackei – pitseed goosefoot
Chenopodium leptophyllum – narrowleaf goosefoot
Distribution: East side of the Cascades, British Columbia to Baja California, east to the Mississippi Valley.
Habitat: Deserts and dry grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: East side of the Cascades, British Columbia to Baja California, east to the Mississippi Valley.
Habitat: Deserts and dry grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Chimaphila menziesii – little prince's-pine
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Coniferous forests at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Chimaphila umbellata – common prince's-pine
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and New Mexico, and Minnesota to Maine, south to North Carolina.
Habitat: Wooded areas, mostly coniferous, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and New Mexico, and Minnesota to Maine, south to North Carolina.
Habitat: Wooded areas, mostly coniferous, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• ssp. umbellata – Pipsissewa, common prince's-pine
Chondrilla juncea – hogbite, rush skeletonweed, gum succory
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and east to Montana; also occurring in eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry, light soil, rangeland and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California and east to Montana; also occurring in eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry, light soil, rangeland and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Chorispora tenella – crossflower, blue mustard
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of western and central North America.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe habitat, both degraded and intact; disturbed areas, roadsides, and pastures.
Origin: Introduced from sw Asia
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of western and central North America.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe habitat, both degraded and intact; disturbed areas, roadsides, and pastures.
Origin: Introduced from sw Asia
Flowers: March-June
Chorizanthe watsonii – Watson's spine-flower, five-tooth spineflower
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Chrysolepis chrysophylla – giant chinquapin, golden chinquapin
Distribution: Columbia River Gorge south through western Oregon into California, where abundant; also, localities in Mason and Skamania Counties, Washington
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
Distribution: Columbia River Gorge south through western Oregon into California, where abundant; also, localities in Mason and Skamania Counties, Washington
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
• var. chrysophylla – chinquapin
Chrysosplenium glechomifolium – Pacific golden-saxifrage, Pacific watercarpet
Distribution: West of the Cascades and mostly along the coast, British Columbia south to northwest California.
Habitat: Moist, usually swampy places, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late March - May
Distribution: West of the Cascades and mostly along the coast, British Columbia south to northwest California.
Habitat: Moist, usually swampy places, mostly at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late March - May
Chrysosplenium tetrandrum – northern golden-saxifrage
Distribution: In Washington known only from the north-central part of the state: Alaska south to Washington, east to Montana and Colorado in the U.S., east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumpolar.
Habitat: Rock crevices and wet banks and slopes, high elevations in our area.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In Washington known only from the north-central part of the state: Alaska south to Washington, east to Montana and Colorado in the U.S., east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast; circumpolar.
Habitat: Rock crevices and wet banks and slopes, high elevations in our area.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Chrysothamnus humilis – Truckee green rabbitbrush, Truckee rabbitbrush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and sites with alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, grasslands, and sites with alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus – green rabbit-brush
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, dry foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe, dry foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
• ssp. lanceolatus – green rabbitbrush, lanceleaf green rabbitbrush, sticky-leaf rabbitbrush, yellow rabbitbrush
• ssp. viscidiflorus – sticky flowered rabbitbrush, sticky-leaf rabbitbrush, yellow rabbitbrush
Chylismia scapoidea – naked-stemmed beeblossom
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry slopes and flats in sagebrush steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Dry slopes and flats in sagebrush steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
• ssp. brachycarpa – short-fruited beeblossom
• ssp. scapoidea – naked-stalked evening primrose
Cicer arietinum – chick-pea
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in eastern Washington; scattered localities in other parts of western North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas on the edge of or near agricultural fields.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Sparingly introduced in eastern Washington; scattered localities in other parts of western North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas on the edge of or near agricultural fields.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Cichorium intybus – chicory, wild succory
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout most of Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Dry to moist soil, pastures, roadsides, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout most of Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Dry to moist soil, pastures, roadsides, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-October
Cicuta bulbifera – bulblet-bearing water-hemlock, bulbous water-hemlock
Distribution: British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Newfoundland and Virginia,
Habitat: Marshes, bogs, wet meadows and standing water, lowlands to mountain valleys; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August - September
Distribution: British Columbia to southern Oregon, east to Newfoundland and Virginia,
Habitat: Marshes, bogs, wet meadows and standing water, lowlands to mountain valleys; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August - September
Cicuta douglasii – Douglas' water-hemlock, western water-hemlock
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Marshes and wet areas, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Marshes and wet areas, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cicuta maculata – spotted water-hemlock
Distribution: Known from historic collections in the Spokane area; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Marshes and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Known from historic collections in the Spokane area; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Marshes and wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. angustifolia – spotted cowbane
Cinna latifolia – slender wood-reed
Distribution: Alaska to Newfoundland, south on both sides of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Colorado; also Minnesota to Maine, south to Tennessee
Habitat: Moist woods and meadows, sea level to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska to Newfoundland, south on both sides of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Colorado; also Minnesota to Maine, south to Tennessee
Habitat: Moist woods and meadows, sea level to subalpine
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Circaea alpina – enchanter's nightshade
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Newfoundland, south (mostly in the mountains) to California and Georgia.
Habitat: Cool, damp woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Newfoundland, south (mostly in the mountains) to California and Georgia.
Habitat: Cool, damp woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• ssp. alpina – dwarf enchanter's nightshade
• ssp. pacifica – Pacific enchanter's nightshade
Cirsium arvense – Canada thistle, Canadian thistle, creepiing thistle
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Noxious weed that thrives in a variety of habitats.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Noxious weed that thrives in a variety of habitats.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Cirsium brevifolium – Palouse thistle
Distribution: Southeast Washington, northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho
Habitat: Grasslands at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - October
Distribution: Southeast Washington, northeast Oregon and adjacent Idaho
Habitat: Grasslands at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - October
Cirsium brevistylum – clustered thistle, short styled thistle
Distribution: British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana
Habitat: Moist places at low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: British Columbia to northern California, east to Montana
Habitat: Moist places at low to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Cirsium edule – edible thistle
Distribution: British Columbia to Oregon, from the coast to the east slope of the Cascades
Habitat: In forest openings from low elevations near the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: British Columbia to Oregon, from the coast to the east slope of the Cascades
Habitat: In forest openings from low elevations near the coast to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
• var. edule – edible thistle, Indian thistle, Macoun's thistle
• var. wenatchense – Wenatchee thistle
Cirsium hookerianum – Hooker's thistle, white thistle
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia and Washington, east to Alberta and Montana
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia and Washington, east to Alberta and Montana
Habitat: Moist lowlands, open slopes and fields
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Cirsium remotifolium – fewleaf thistle, remote-leaved thistle
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Cirsium scariosum – elk thistle, meadow thistle
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows in the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows in the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cirsium undulatum – wavy leaf thistle
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Michigan and Texas.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and plains at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Michigan and Texas.
Habitat: Dry hillsides and plains at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Cirsium vulgare – bull thistle, common thistle
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout the United States and Canada.
Habitat: Common weed from the lowlands to logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout the United States and Canada.
Habitat: Common weed from the lowlands to logged areas in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: July-September
Clarkia amoena – yellow clarkia, farewell to spring
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Dry, open to wooded areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Clarkia gracilis – slender godetia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Fairly dry, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Fairly dry, open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
• ssp. gracilis – slender godetia
Clarkia pulchella – deer horn, pinkfairies, ragged robin
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to South Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to South Dakota.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Clarkia quadrivulnera – four-spot
Distribution: Mostly along Columbia River Gorge and east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south along coast to California, east to Arizona.
Habitat: Grasslands and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Mostly along Columbia River Gorge and east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south along coast to California, east to Arizona.
Habitat: Grasslands and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Clarkia rhomboidea – common clarkia, diamond fairyfan
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California and Arizona, east to Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy soil in forest openings at low to moderate elevtions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California and Arizona, east to Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, often sandy soil in forest openings at low to moderate elevtions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Claytonia arenicola – sand montia, sand springbeauty montia
Distribution: Occurring along the eastern border in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Various habitats, from moist rocks to hillsides to pine woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Occurring along the eastern border in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Various habitats, from moist rocks to hillsides to pine woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Claytonia cordifolia – broadleaf springbeauty, heart-leaf springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: On wet soil, usually along streams, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: On wet soil, usually along streams, moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Claytonia exigua – pale claytonia
Distribution: Southern B.C. to California, east to eastern Washington and Oregon, part of Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas on rock, clayey soils, or sand.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March - July
Distribution: Southern B.C. to California, east to eastern Washington and Oregon, part of Nevada.
Habitat: Open areas on rock, clayey soils, or sand.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March - July
• ssp. exigua – Claytonia, pale springbeauty Claytonia
• ssp. glauca – pallid Claytonia
Claytonia lanceolata – lanceleaf springbeauty
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush foothills to alpine slopes, usually where vernally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush foothills to alpine slopes, usually where vernally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Claytonia megarhiza – fell-fields Claytonia
Distribution: Occurring in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington; in scattered locations from Northwest Territories south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Gravelly soil and talus slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring in the Wenatchee Mountains of Washington; in scattered locations from Northwest Territories south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Gravelly soil and talus slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Claytonia multiscapa – Rydberg's springbeauty
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; in scattered locations from British Columbia south to Washington; east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and forest openings where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; in scattered locations from British Columbia south to Washington; east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Coniferous forests and forest openings where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• ssp. pacifica – Pacific lanceleaf springbeauty
Claytonia parviflora – Indian lettuce
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, and Utah.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, open forest, forest edge, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, and Utah.
Habitat: Open rocky areas, open forest, forest edge, and disturbed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-June
Claytonia perfoliata – intermountain miners lettuce
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and margins, shaded rock crevices, and open areas where seasonally moist from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Forest openings and margins, shaded rock crevices, and open areas where seasonally moist from the coast to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Claytonia rubra – cushion miner's lettuce, erubescent lettuce, red miners lettuce
Distribution: Throughout much of Western U.S., north to southern B.C.
Habitat: Sandy areas, shrublands, dry coniferous woods
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: Throughout much of Western U.S., north to southern B.C.
Habitat: Sandy areas, shrublands, dry coniferous woods
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Claytonia sibirica – candy flower, Siberian springbeauty
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Moist, usually shady places, lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Claytonia washingtoniana – Lake Washington Claytonia
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and coniferous forests at low elevations, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Coastal bluffs and coniferous forests at low elevations, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January-June
Clematis hirsutissima – Douglas's clematis, leatherflower, sugarbowls, vaseflower
Distribution: Occurring in only a few counties in central and eastern Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Montana, south to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring in only a few counties in central and eastern Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Montana, south to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
• var. hirsutissima – Douglas' clematis
Clematis ligusticifolia – western clematis
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Oklahoma and the Dakotas.
Habitat: River valleys and sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Oklahoma and the Dakotas.
Habitat: River valleys and sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Clematis occidentalis – Columbia clematis, rock clematis, Columbia virgins-bower
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Saskatchewan and Wyoming.
Habitat: Often in deep, fine soils in shady forest, also in cliffs and other rocky sites in open woods and thickets, at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Saskatchewan and Wyoming.
Habitat: Often in deep, fine soils in shady forest, also in cliffs and other rocky sites in open woods and thickets, at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. dissecta – Columbia clematis
• var. grosseserrata – Columbia clematis
Clematis vitalba – traveler's-joy
Distribution: Established chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Waste land.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe and Africa
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Established chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Waste land.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe and Africa
Flowers: June-September
Clinopodium douglasii – Oregon-tea
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascade summits in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Coniferous woods, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Chiefly west of the Cascade summits in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Coniferous woods, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Clinopodium vulgare – wild basil
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east across North America in scattered states and provinces.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east across North America in scattered states and provinces.
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Clintonia uniflora – bride's-bonnet, queen's cup
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring in forested areas throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist coniferous forests, from the foothills to fairly high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Colchicum autumnale – autumn crocus
Distribution: Known from Pierce County in Washington; not reported for elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Lowland grassy meadows, escaping or persisting from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Known from Pierce County in Washington; not reported for elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Lowland grassy meadows, escaping or persisting from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Collinsia grandiflora – large-flowered blue-eyed Mary, blue-lips blue-eyed Mary
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east in the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east in the Columbia River Gorge.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry areas, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Collinsia parviflora – small-flower blue-eyed Mary
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California and Colorado, east to Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Lowlands to alpine meadows in vernally (springtime) moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California and Colorado, east to Ontario and Michigan.
Habitat: Lowlands to alpine meadows in vernally (springtime) moist areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-July
Collinsia rattanii – Rattan collinsia, rattan collinsia
Distribution: West of the Cascades in southern Washington, through the Columbia River Gorge to the John Day valley in Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
Distribution: West of the Cascades in southern Washington, through the Columbia River Gorge to the John Day valley in Oregon.
Habitat: Open woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
Collinsia sparsiflora – few-flowered blue-eyed Mary, few-flowered collinsia
Distribution: Chiefly along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to northern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes and swales.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
Distribution: Chiefly along the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington south to northern Oregon, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Open slopes and swales.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-April
• var. sparsiflora – few-flowered blue-eyed Mary
Collomia debilis – alpine collomia
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Shifting talus slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Shifting talus slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. debilis – alpine collomia
Collomia grandiflora – large-flowered collomia, large-flower mountain-trumpet
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Wyoming.
Habitat: Rather dry, open to lightly wooded areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Wyoming.
Habitat: Rather dry, open to lightly wooded areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Collomia heterophylla – varied-leaf collomia, variable-leaf mountain-trumpet
Distribution: Occurring mostly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Woods, forest openings and stream banks, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring mostly west of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Woods, forest openings and stream banks, low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Collomia larsenii – Larsen's alpine collomia, talus collomia
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Rocky, often moist slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympic and Cascade Mountains in Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Rocky, often moist slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Collomia linearis – narrow-leaf collomia, narrow-leaf mountain-trumpet
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Ontario and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry to somewhat moist, open or lightly shaded areas in the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Ontario and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry to somewhat moist, open or lightly shaded areas in the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Collomia macrocalyx – bristle-flowered collomia, bristle-flower mountain-trumpet
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Collomia tenella – diffuse collomia, diffuse mountain-trumpet
Distribution: Mostly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to Idaho, Utah and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Mostly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to Idaho, Utah and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Collomia tinctoria – yellow-staining collomia, yellow-staining mountain-trumpet
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho and southeast Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the foothills to moderate or mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to central Idaho and southeast Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open places in the foothills to moderate or mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Columbiadoria hallii – Columbia River daisy, Hall's goldenweed
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central region of Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central region of Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open or sparsely wooded slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Colutea arborescens – bladder-sennas
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east across the southwest to the Great Plains; northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in including wastelots, roadsides, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east across the southwest to the Great Plains; northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas in including wastelots, roadsides, and fields.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Comandra umbellata
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Dry to moist-but-sandy soil, sea level to subalpine; common in the shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Dry to moist-but-sandy soil, sea level to subalpine; common in the shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
• ssp. californica – bastard toad flax
• ssp. pallida – bastard toad flax
Comarum palustre – marsh cinquefoil, purple marshlocks
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; Alaska east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast, south to California and east across the northern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Bogs, wet meadows and lake margins, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; Alaska east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast, south to California and east across the northern half of the U.S.
Habitat: Bogs, wet meadows and lake margins, sea level to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Comastoma tenellum – Lapland gentian, Samiland gentian, slender gentian
Distribution: Known only from Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumpolar.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Known only from Okanogan County in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the northern Rocky Mountains; circumpolar.
Habitat: Alpine areas, typically where moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Commelina communis – Asiatic dayflower
Distribution: Widely introduced in eastern United States; occasional in Washington.
Habitat: Weed of waste places, field edges and marshes.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Widely introduced in eastern United States; occasional in Washington.
Habitat: Weed of waste places, field edges and marshes.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July - September
Conioselinum pacificum – Pacific hemlock-parsley
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington along the coast; Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, south to California.
Habitat: Bluffs and rocky or sandy beaches along the seashore.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington along the coast; Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, south to California.
Habitat: Bluffs and rocky or sandy beaches along the seashore.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Conium maculatum – poison-hemlock
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America
Habitat: Disturbed areas in moist soil.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America
Habitat: Disturbed areas in moist soil.
Origin: Introduced; native to Europe
Flowers: May-August
Conringia orientalis – hare's-ear mustard, treacle mustard
Distribution: In scattered locations across Washington; distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: In scattered locations across Washington; distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Convallaria majalis – European lily-of-the-valley
Distribution: Introduced over much of eastern and central United States; occasional escape in Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April - May
Distribution: Introduced over much of eastern and central United States; occasional escape in Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April - May
Convolvulus arvensis – field bindweed
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Cultivated fields, roadsides, open areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-October
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Cultivated fields, roadsides, open areas, and other disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-October
Conyza bonariensis – South American conyza
Distribution: Introduced from Oregon through Arizona and Texas to Florida
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Distribution: Introduced from Oregon through Arizona and Texas to Florida
Habitat: Occasionally escapes from cultivation
Origin: Introduced
Conyza canadensis – Canadian fleabane, horseweed
Distribution: Common introduction throughout the United States and Canada
Habitat: Weed of roadsides, dry or moist disturbed ground
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Common introduction throughout the United States and Canada
Habitat: Weed of roadsides, dry or moist disturbed ground
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Coptis aspleniifolia – fern-leaf goldthread
Distribution: Alaska to Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and in Whatcom, Jefferson and Snohomish Counties, Washington
Habitat: Moist woods and bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late April - May
Distribution: Alaska to Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and in Whatcom, Jefferson and Snohomish Counties, Washington
Habitat: Moist woods and bogs
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late April - May
Coptis laciniata – Oregon goldthread
Distribution: Occurring in the southwestern region of Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Occurring in the southwestern region of Washington; Washington south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Coptis occidentalis – Idaho goldthread
Distribution: Northeast Washington and adjacent British Columbia, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Moist woods
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Distribution: Northeast Washington and adjacent British Columbia, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Moist woods
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - May
Coptis trifolia – threeleaf goldthread
Distribution: Known from extreme northeastern region of Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic; also in Greenland and eastern Eurasia.
Habitat: Deep woodland, often where swampy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Known from extreme northeastern region of Washington; Alaska to Washington, Idaho and Montana, east across northern North America to the Atlantic; also in Greenland and eastern Eurasia.
Habitat: Deep woodland, often where swampy.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Corallorhiza maculata – spotted coral-root
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia east to Newfoundland, south to California and North Carolina.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia east to Newfoundland, south to California and North Carolina.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
• var. maculata – spotted coralroot
• var. occidentalis – western spotted coralroot
• var. ozettensis – ozette coralroot
Corallorhiza mertensiana – Pacific coralroot, western coralroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Usually in moist coniferous forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Usually in moist coniferous forests, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Corallorhiza striata – striped coral-root
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist humus in shady coniferous and deciduous forests, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Moist humus in shady coniferous and deciduous forests, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
• var. striata – hooded coralroot, striped coralroot
• var. vreelandii – vreeland's striped coralroot
Corallorhiza trifida – early coralroot, northern coralroot
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast throughout the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Fairly deep, moist woods, montane to subalpine in the Pacific Northswest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Atlantic Coast throughout the northern half of North America.
Habitat: Fairly deep, moist woods, montane to subalpine in the Pacific Northswest.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cordylanthus capitatus – Yakima bird's-beak
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; Idaho and Montana south to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and hillsides, often with sagebrush, moderate to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; Idaho and Montana south to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Dry, open woods and hillsides, often with sagebrush, moderate to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Coreopsis tinctoria – calliopsis, Columbia coreopsis, golden tickseed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except at northernmost latitudes.
Habitat: Open and disturbed areas at low to mid elevations where seasonally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America except at northernmost latitudes.
Habitat: Open and disturbed areas at low to mid elevations where seasonally moist.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Corispermum pacificum – Pacific bugseed
Distribution: Occurring along the Lower Columbia River and east of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to northern Oregon, e to western Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Distribution: Occurring along the Lower Columbia River and east of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to northern Oregon, e to western Idaho.
Habitat: Roadsides and waste places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-October
Cornus nuttallii – mountain dogwood, Nuttall's dogwood, Pacific dogwood, western flowering dogwood
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open to rather dense damp forests, often along streams.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Cornus occidentalis – creek dogwood, western red osier
Distribution: Alaska to California, common both sides of the Cascades, east to Idaho
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Alaska to California, common both sides of the Cascades, east to Idaho
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Cornus stolonifera – red-osier dogwood
Distribution: Common in Idaho and Montana, east to Pennsylvania
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Common in Idaho and Montana, east to Pennsylvania
Habitat: Moist soil, especially along streams, low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Cornus unalaschkensis – western bunchberry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska, much of Canada, and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Moist woods, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska, much of Canada, and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Moist woods, low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Corrigiola litoralis
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to Oregon; also in Maryland.
Habitat: Lake and pond margins, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Southern British Columbia south to Oregon; also in Maryland.
Habitat: Lake and pond margins, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-September
• ssp. litoralis – strapwort
Cortaderia jubata – purple pampas grass
Distribution: Occurring in lowland western Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced from northern South America
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring in lowland western Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced from northern South America
Flowers: June-September
Cortaderia selloana – pampas grass
Distribution: Occurring in several counties west of the Cascades crest; Washington to California, in scattered states eastward to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, open soil of wastelots, abandoned fields, and roadsides at low elevations, often near coast.
Origin: Introduced from central South America
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring in several counties west of the Cascades crest; Washington to California, in scattered states eastward to Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, open soil of wastelots, abandoned fields, and roadsides at low elevations, often near coast.
Origin: Introduced from central South America
Flowers: May-July
Corydalis aquae-gelidae – marsh corydalis
Distribution: In the Cascades in Clackamas and Multnomah Counties, Oregon
Habitat: Wet places of shaded forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: In the Cascades in Clackamas and Multnomah Counties, Oregon
Habitat: Wet places of shaded forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Corydalis aurea – golden corydalis, scrambled eggs
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: In varied habitats, from moist to dry and well-drained soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except southeastern U.S.
Habitat: In varied habitats, from moist to dry and well-drained soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
• ssp. aurea – golden corydalis, scrambled eggs
Corydalis scouleri – Scouler's fumewort
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to northern Oregon
Habitat: Moist soil in shade, low elevations, from the coast to the foothills
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Distribution: West of the Cascades, British Columbia to northern Oregon
Habitat: Moist soil in shade, low elevations, from the coast to the foothills
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - July
Corylus avellana – common filbert, European hazelnut
Distribution: Widely planted as an ornamental and occasionally naturalizing in western Washington lowlands; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Abandoned plantings, roadsides, waste sites, forest edge.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: January-April
Distribution: Widely planted as an ornamental and occasionally naturalizing in western Washington lowlands; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Abandoned plantings, roadsides, waste sites, forest edge.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: January-April
Corylus cornuta – beaked hazelnut
Distribution: Widespread in North America from British Columbia to Newfoundland, south to California, Colorado, Missouri, Ohio, and Georgia. In WA on both sides of the Cascades, and in the eastern portion of the state.
Habitat: Forest edge and openings, thickets, and rocky slopes at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January - March
Distribution: Widespread in North America from British Columbia to Newfoundland, south to California, Colorado, Missouri, Ohio, and Georgia. In WA on both sides of the Cascades, and in the eastern portion of the state.
Habitat: Forest edge and openings, thickets, and rocky slopes at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: January - March
• ssp. californica – California hazel
• ssp. cornuta – beaked hazel
Cota austriaca – Austrian chamomile
Distribution: Known only from near Pullman in Whitman County.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Known only from near Pullman in Whitman County.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, fields, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Cota tinctoria – golden chamomile, yellow chamomile, golden marguerite, Golden marguerite
Distribution: In scattered locations in Washington; widely distributed across northern half of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: In scattered locations in Washington; widely distributed across northern half of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Cotoneaster franchetii – franchet's cotoneaster, orange cotoneaster
Distribution: Distributed west of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California
Habitat: Lowland forest edges, grassy balds, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Distributed west of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California
Habitat: Lowland forest edges, grassy balds, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Cotoneaster horizontalis – rock cotoneaster, rockspray cotoneaster, wall cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest at low elevations in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; also in Ontario, Canada.
Habitat: Fields, forest openings, and disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest at low elevations in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; also in Ontario, Canada.
Habitat: Fields, forest openings, and disturbed areas typically at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-June
Cotoneaster lacteus – late cotoneaster, milk-flower cotoneaster
Distribution: Occurring in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, thickets, and forest margins.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, thickets, and forest margins.
Origin: Introduced from China
Flowers: May-July
Cotoneaster simonsii – Himalayan cotoneaster, Simon's cotoneaster
Origin: Introduced from the Himalayas
Origin: Introduced from the Himalayas
Cotula coronopifolia – brass buttons, common brass buttons
Distribution: Introduced along the coast of the Pacific states, occasionally inland
Habitat: Chiefly in tidal flats; occasionally in other moist areas
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Introduced along the coast of the Pacific states, occasionally inland
Habitat: Chiefly in tidal flats; occasionally in other moist areas
Origin: Introduced from South Africa
Flowers: June - September
Crassula aquatica – wrinkle-seed pygmyweed, water pygmy weed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities across Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in the southeastern and northeastern regions of North America.
Habitat: Mud flats and vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Occurring in scattered localities across Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and in the southeastern and northeastern regions of North America.
Habitat: Mud flats and vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Crassula connata – pygmy weed
Distribution: Known in Washington only from San Juan County; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and Texas.
Habitat: Sandy areas, paths and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Known in Washington only from San Juan County; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and Texas.
Habitat: Sandy areas, paths and roadsides.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Crassula tillaea – mossy stonecrop
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, rock crevices, and sandy areas, often where seasonally wet or moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-April
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, rock crevices, and sandy areas, often where seasonally wet or moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-April
Crataegus chrysocarpa – fireberry hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Thickets, dry slopes, shrub-steppe, riparian zones, open forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to the Atlantic.
Habitat: Thickets, dry slopes, shrub-steppe, riparian zones, open forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Crataegus douglasii – black hawthorn, Douglas' hawthorn
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades, Alaska to California, east to Utah and Wyoming, and across the northern states to Michigan
Habitat: Moist to dry areas, lowlands to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades, Alaska to California, east to Utah and Wyoming, and across the northern states to Michigan
Habitat: Moist to dry areas, lowlands to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Crataegus gaylussacia – huckleberry hawthorn, Suksdorf hawthorn, Suksdorf's hawthorn
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Openings and forest margins at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Idaho.
Habitat: Openings and forest margins at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Crataegus monogyna – English hawthorn, one-seed hawthorn
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• var. monogyna – common hawthorn, English hawthorn, one-seeded hawthorn
Crepis acuminata – long leaved hawksbeard, tapertip hawksbeard
Distribution: East of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the foothiils to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: East of the Cascades, Washington to California, east to Montana and New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the foothiils to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Crepis atribarba – slender hawksbeard
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to the Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open places, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to the Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open places, foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Crepis bakeri – Baker's hawksbeard
Distribution: East slope of the Cascades, from central Washington to central California.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes in the foothills and at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May
Distribution: East slope of the Cascades, from central Washington to central California.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes in the foothills and at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May
Crepis barbigera – bearded hawksbeard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in the plains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas in the plains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Crepis capillaris – smooth hawksbeard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil at lower elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-November
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil at lower elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-November
Crepis intermedia – gray hawksbeard intermediate hawksbeard, limestone hawksbeard
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Arizona
Habitat: Somewhat moist to dry open areas, foothills to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Arizona
Habitat: Somewhat moist to dry open areas, foothills to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Crepis modocensis – low hawksbeard, Modoc hawksbeard
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Common in shrub-steppe, sagebrush, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Common in shrub-steppe, sagebrush, and forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Crepis occidentalis – western hawksbeard
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open places, mostly in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains of Canada and the U.S.
Habitat: Dry, open places, mostly in the foothills and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Crepis pleurocarpa – naked stemmed hawksbeard
Distribution: In eastern portion of Washington; south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Stream banks in mixed conifer forests, road cuts, and rocky, serpentine soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In eastern portion of Washington; south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Stream banks in mixed conifer forests, road cuts, and rocky, serpentine soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Crepis runcinata – dandelion hawksbeard, meadow hawksbeard
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
• ssp. runcinata – dandelion hawksbeard, meadow hawksbeard
Crepis setosa – bristly hawksbeard, rough hawksbeard
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington, south to California
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington, south to California
Habitat: Disturbed areas at low elevation
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Crepis tectorum – annual hawksbeard, narrow leaf hawksbeard, rooftop hawksbeard
Distribution: Introduced from Alaska to California, and across much of the northern half on the United States
Habitat: Uncommon in lawns and wastelands
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Introduced from Alaska to California, and across much of the northern half on the United States
Habitat: Uncommon in lawns and wastelands
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - July
Crocidium multicaule – spring gold, gold star
Distribution: Occurring on both sides the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations, especially shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Distribution: Occurring on both sides the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas at low elevations, especially shrub-steppe.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Croton setigerus – doveweed, turkey mullein, fish poison
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Baja California.
Habitat: Chiefly in semi-desert conditions, but to the coast in California.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Baja California.
Habitat: Chiefly in semi-desert conditions, but to the coast in California.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cruciata pedemontana – piedmont bedstraw
Distribution: Occurring in Washington at scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades; Washington south to Oregon, east to Montana; in central and southeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, waste areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring in Washington at scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades; Washington south to Oregon, east to Montana; in central and southeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Disturbed sites, roadsides, waste areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Crupina vulgaris – bearded creeper, crupina
Distribution: Introduced in Idaho and Chelan County, Washington
Habitat: Weed or fields and roadsides
Origin: Introduced
Distribution: Introduced in Idaho and Chelan County, Washington
Habitat: Weed or fields and roadsides
Origin: Introduced
Crypsis alopecuroides – foxtail pricklegrass
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central areas of Washington;
Habitat: Sandy soils around drying lake margins and other seasonally moist, disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from n. Africa and Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central areas of Washington;
Habitat: Sandy soils around drying lake margins and other seasonally moist, disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from n. Africa and Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Cryptantha affinis – common cryptantha, slender cryptantha, quill cat's eye
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Rocky Mountains and South Dakota.
Habitat: Open areas from sagebrush to coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Rocky Mountains and South Dakota.
Habitat: Open areas from sagebrush to coniferous forests at moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Cryptantha ambigua – obscure cryptantha, wilke's cryptantha, basin cat's eye
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia, east to western Montana and south to California and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia, east to western Montana and south to California and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry, open places from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Cryptantha flaccida – flaccid cryptantha, weakstem cat's eye
Distribution: Central and southeast Washington, south to southern California, and along the western border of Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes and flats at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Central and southeast Washington, south to southern California, and along the western border of Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes and flats at lower elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Cryptantha intermedia – common cryptantha, Clearwater cat's eye
Distribution: Washington to California, east to Idaho and Arizona
Habitat: Moderately dry, open slopes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - September
Distribution: Washington to California, east to Idaho and Arizona
Habitat: Moderately dry, open slopes
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - September
Cryptantha pterocarya – wingnut cryptantha
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Colorado and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas of sagebrush and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Colorado and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, open, often sandy areas of sagebrush and grasslands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Cryptantha scoparia – desert cryptantha, pinyon desert cat's eye
Distribution: Common on the Snake River plains of Idaho, extending into adjacent Oregon, northeast Nevda and southwest Wyoming; adjunct to Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes in the valleys, plains and foothills, common among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Common on the Snake River plains of Idaho, extending into adjacent Oregon, northeast Nevda and southwest Wyoming; adjunct to Yakima County, Washington, and adjacent counties.
Habitat: Dry, open slopes in the valleys, plains and foothills, common among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Cryptantha torreyana – Torrey's cryptantha, Torrey's cat's eye
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open areas, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Widely distributed east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Open areas, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Cryptantha watsonii – Watson's cryptantha, Watson's cat's eye
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open hillsides, sagebrush-steppe plains, and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Open hillsides, sagebrush-steppe plains, and forest openings at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Cryptogramma acrostichoides – American parsley fern rockbrake
Distribution: Alaska to California, east in cool, moist areas to Ontario and Michigan
Habitat: Cliff crevices and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Distribution: Alaska to California, east in cool, moist areas to Ontario and Michigan
Habitat: Cliff crevices and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Cryptogramma cascadensis – Cascade parsley fern rockbrake
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Cliff crevices and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains, occasionally descending to sea level in humid areas
Origin: Native
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana
Habitat: Cliff crevices and talus slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains, occasionally descending to sea level in humid areas
Origin: Native
Cuscuta approximata – alfalfa dodder
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Agricultural fields, often on alfalfa, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Agricultural fields, often on alfalfa, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Cuscuta californica – California dodder, chaparral dodder
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
• var. californica – California dodder
Cuscuta denticulata – desert dodder
Distribution: Central Washington; south to Baja California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Parasitic on shrubs in arid shrub-steppe communities.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Central Washington; south to Baja California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Parasitic on shrubs in arid shrub-steppe communities.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Cuscuta epithymum – clover dodder, common dodder, thyme dodder
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Origin: Introduced from Europe
• var. epithymum – clover dodder, thyme dodder
Cuscuta occidentalis – western dodder
Distribution: In most Western states, Washington to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Found on many different hoasts.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In most Western states, Washington to California, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Found on many different hoasts.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cuscuta pacifica – salt marsh dodder
Distribution: British Columbia to Baja California.
Habitat: Coastal marshes and saltwater tideflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Distribution: British Columbia to Baja California.
Habitat: Coastal marshes and saltwater tideflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-October
Cuscuta pentagona – field dodder, five-angled dodder
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Parasitic on a variety of hosts.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Parasitic on a variety of hosts.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Cuscuta suksdorfii – mountain dodder
Distribution: Southern Washington to the southern Sierra Nevada, California, at medium to high elevations.
Habitat: On Aster, Spraguea, and other hosts.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Southern Washington to the southern Sierra Nevada, California, at medium to high elevations.
Habitat: On Aster, Spraguea, and other hosts.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Cusickiella douglasii – alkali false whitlow-grass, Douglas' whitlow-grass
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central area of Washington along the Oregon border; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky ridges of the sagebrush desert, up into the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring in the south-central area of Washington along the Oregon border; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Open, rocky ridges of the sagebrush desert, up into the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Cyclachaena xanthiifolia – carelessweed, burweed marsh elder, tall marsh elder
Distribution: Eastern Washington south to New Mexico, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Bottom land and moist waste places.
Origin: Introduced?
Flowers: August - October
Distribution: Eastern Washington south to New Mexico, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Bottom land and moist waste places.
Origin: Introduced?
Flowers: August - October
Cymbalaria muralis – Kenilworth-ivy, ivy-leaved toadflax
Distribution: Introduced west of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon
Habitat: Wasteland,disturbed soil
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April - October
Distribution: Introduced west of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon
Habitat: Wasteland,disturbed soil
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April - October
Cymopterus terebinthinus – turpentine spring parsley
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe habitat, often in dry, cobbly streambeds, steep slopes, sandy soils, and other drought-stressed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe habitat, often in dry, cobbly streambeds, steep slopes, sandy soils, and other drought-stressed sites.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Cynodon dactylon – bermuda grass
Distribution: Common in the warmer portion of the United States, California to Florida; occasional in the Pacific Northwet.
Habitat: A weed of lawns, partures and railroad tracks.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Common in the warmer portion of the United States, California to Florida; occasional in the Pacific Northwet.
Habitat: A weed of lawns, partures and railroad tracks.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - September
Cynoglossum officinale – gypsy flower, common hound's tongue
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; ntroduced in much of North America.
Habitat: Noxious weed of roadsides and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; ntroduced in much of North America.
Habitat: Noxious weed of roadsides and disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Cynosurus cristatus – crested dogtail
Distribution: Introduced in scattered locations west of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon, and in California and Idaho.
Habitat: Waste places, old meadows, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Introduced in scattered locations west of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon, and in California and Idaho.
Habitat: Waste places, old meadows, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - July
Cynosurus echinatus – bristly dog's-tail grass
Distribution: Introduced in southwest British Columba and Oregon's Wilamette Valley, south into California; more common in central and eastern United States.
Habitat: Weed of waste places.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Introduced in southwest British Columba and Oregon's Wilamette Valley, south into California; more common in central and eastern United States.
Habitat: Weed of waste places.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - July
Cyperus bipartitus – shining flatsedge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widespread in North America.
Habitat: Streambanks and other wet places in the valleys and lowlands; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widespread in North America.
Habitat: Streambanks and other wet places in the valleys and lowlands; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Cyperus eragrostis – tall flatsedge
Distribution: British Columbia south to California, east to New Jersey and South Carolina.
Habitat: Damp grasslands and roadside ditches at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: British Columbia south to California, east to New Jersey and South Carolina.
Habitat: Damp grasslands and roadside ditches at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June - August
Cyperus erythrorhizos – redroot flatsedge
Distribution: Widespresd in the United Stated and adjacent Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and other wet places in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Widespresd in the United Stated and adjacent Canada.
Habitat: Streambanks and other wet places in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Cyperus esculentus – yellow nut-grass
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widespread throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist, low ground along streams and ditches, but sometimes in drier ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widespread throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist, low ground along streams and ditches, but sometimes in drier ground.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. leptostachyus – yellow nutgrass
Cyperus lupulinus – Great Plains flatsedge
Distribution: Great Plains to northeastern United States; occasional in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Great Plains to northeastern United States; occasional in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Wet areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• ssp. lupulinus – Great Plains flatsedge
Cyperus squarrosus – awned flatsedge
Distribution: Widespread in the United States and Europe.
Habitat: Wet places in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Widespread in the United States and Europe.
Habitat: Wet places in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Cyperus strigosus – false flatsedge, straw-colored flatsedge
Distribution: Widespread in the United States and adjacent Canada.
Habitat: Wet places, along the banks of large streams, in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Widespread in the United States and adjacent Canada.
Habitat: Wet places, along the banks of large streams, in the valleys and lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Cypripedium fasciculatum – clustered lady's-slipper
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Santa Cruz County, California, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry and rocky, open coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Santa Cruz County, California, east to Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist to rather dry and rocky, open coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Cypripedium montanum – mountain lady's-slipper
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist open woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Dry to moist open woods, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Cypripedium parviflorum – fairy slipper, yellow lady's-slipper slipper
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; throughout most of Canada and the central, southeastern, and northeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Bogs and damp woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; throughout most of Canada and the central, southeastern, and northeastern regions of the U.S.
Habitat: Bogs and damp woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Cystopteris fragilis – bladder fern, brittle fern, fragile fern
Distribution: Widespread in North America and common in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry, often rocky places, lowlands to above timberline
Origin: Native
Distribution: Widespread in North America and common in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry, often rocky places, lowlands to above timberline
Origin: Native
Cytisus scoparius – Scot's broom
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout much of Washington, especially in lowlands west of the Cascades crest; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Widespread noxious weed, usually where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Distributed widely throughout much of Washington, especially in lowlands west of the Cascades crest; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Widespread noxious weed, usually where somewhat moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
