Vascular Plants
Includes all flowering plants, conifers, ferns and fern-allies.
Browse by scientific name:
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Scientific names beginning with E:
50 genera
275 species, 90 subspecies and varieties
275 species, 90 subspecies and varieties
Show only taxa with photos
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Index to genera:
Eatonella, Echinochloa, Echinocystis, Echinops, Echium, Egeria, Eichhornia, Elaeagnus, Elatine, Eleocharis, Eleusine, Elliottia, Elmera, Elodea, Elyhordeum, Elyleymus, Elymus, Empetrum, Enemion, Epilobium, Epipactis, Equisetum, Eragrostis, Erechtites, Eremogone, Eremopyrum, Eremothera, Eriastrum, Ericameria, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Eriophorum, Eriophyllum, Eritrichium, Erodium, Eruca, Erucastrum, Eryngium, Erysimum, Erythranthe, Erythronium, Eschscholzia, Eucephalus, Euclidium, Euonymus, Euphorbia, Euphrasia, Eurybia, Euthamia, EutrochiumEatonella nivea – white Eatonella, white false tickhead
Distribution: Southeast Idaho and southwest Oregon, to Nevada and California; disjunct to central Washington near the Columbia River.
Habitat: Dry, sandy or volcanic desert areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Southeast Idaho and southwest Oregon, to Nevada and California; disjunct to central Washington near the Columbia River.
Habitat: Dry, sandy or volcanic desert areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Echinochloa crus-galli – barnyard grass, or large barnyard grass
Distribution: Found throughout southern Canada and most of the United States.
Habitat: Cultivted fields and wasteland, usually where moist, especially along irrigation ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June - October
Distribution: Found throughout southern Canada and most of the United States.
Habitat: Cultivted fields and wasteland, usually where moist, especially along irrigation ditches.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June - October
Echinochloa crus-pavonis – guleaf barnyard-grass
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• var. crus-pavonis – gulf barnyard grass
Echinochloa muricata – American barnyard-grass
Origin: Native?
Origin: Native?
• var. microstachya – American barnyard grass, or watergrass
Echinocystis lobata – wild cucumber
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist bottomlands and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; occurring throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist bottomlands and thickets.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-September
Echinops ritro – southern globe-thistle
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• ssp. ruthenicus – southern globe thistle
Echium vulgare – common viper's bugloss
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Dry ground in waste places
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States; uncommon in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Dry ground in waste places
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean region
Flowers: June - August
Egeria densa – Brazilian waterweed, South American waterweed
Distribution: Introduced from Washington to California, and across the southern half of the United States to the Atlantic; occasional west of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Commonly used in aquaria, often escaping
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Introduced from Washington to California, and across the southern half of the United States to the Atlantic; occasional west of the Cascades in Washington and Oregon
Habitat: Commonly used in aquaria, often escaping
Origin: Introduced from South America
Flowers: July - September
Eichhornia crassipes – water hyacinth
Distribution: Known from a few localities in southern Washington; California east along the southern part of the U.S. to Florida.
Habitat: Ponds, ditches, canals.
Origin: Introduced from tropical America
Flowers: April-September
Distribution: Known from a few localities in southern Washington; California east along the southern part of the U.S. to Florida.
Habitat: Ponds, ditches, canals.
Origin: Introduced from tropical America
Flowers: April-September
Elaeagnus angustifolia – Russian-olive
Distribution: Common east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Weedy escape, especially in riparian areas; often planted historically as a windbreak.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Common east of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout most of North America.
Habitat: Weedy escape, especially in riparian areas; often planted historically as a windbreak.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Elaeagnus commutata – American silver-berry, wolfberry
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Quebec, south into Idaho, Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Gravel benches and scabland, commonly along watercourses.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Quebec, south into Idaho, Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Gravel benches and scabland, commonly along watercourses.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Elaeagnus umbellata – autumn olive
Distribution: Scattered localities in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi River in the U.S.
Habitat: Introduced from eastern Asia as ornamental shrub, occasionally escaping in disturbed areas and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Scattered localities in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi River in the U.S.
Habitat: Introduced from eastern Asia as ornamental shrub, occasionally escaping in disturbed areas and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Eleocharis acicularis – needle spikerush
Distribution: Circumboreal, south to Florida and Mexico, found in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes, muddy shores, and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Circumboreal, south to Florida and Mexico, found in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes, muddy shores, and other wet places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Eleocharis engelmannii – Engelman spikerush
Distribution: Widespread in the northern hemisphere; found throughout the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes and other wet places, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Widespread in the northern hemisphere; found throughout the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes and other wet places, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Eleocharis ovata – ovoid spikerush
Distribution: Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere; found throughout the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes and other wet places, from sea level to moderate elevagtions in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere; found throughout the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Marshes and other wet places, from sea level to moderate elevagtions in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Eleocharis palustris – common spikerush
Distribution: Widespread in temperate amd cold-temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere; common in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Wet places from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Widespread in temperate amd cold-temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere; common in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Wet places from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains; tolerant of alkali.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Eleocharis parvula – little-head spikerush
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to Newfoundland, south to northern South America.
Habitat: Wet, saline or alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to Newfoundland, south to northern South America.
Habitat: Wet, saline or alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Eleocharis quinqueflora – few-flowered spike-rush
Distribution: Circumboreal, south in North America to California and New Jersey.
Habitat: Bogs and other wet places, from the lowlands to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Circumboreal, south in North America to California and New Jersey.
Habitat: Bogs and other wet places, from the lowlands to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Eleusine indica – goosegrass
Distribution: Uncommon weed in western Oregon; more common in California and eastern United States.
Habitat: Waste ground and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Africa
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Uncommon weed in western Oregon; more common in California and eastern United States.
Habitat: Waste ground and roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from Africa
Flowers: July - August
Elliottia pyroliflora – copperbush
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon.
Habitat: Moist forests and stream banks at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Elmera racemosa – Elmera
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky ridges and slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In the Olympic and Cascade Mountains of Washington; Washington south to Oregon.
Habitat: Rock crevices and rocky ridges and slopes, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. puberulenta – fuzzy elmera
• var. racemosa – common elmera
Elodea canadensis – Canadian, Rocky Mountain, or common waterweed
Distribution: Throughout most of the United States
Habitat: Common in slow-moving, often alkaline water, in the Pacific Northwest
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Throughout most of the United States
Habitat: Common in slow-moving, often alkaline water, in the Pacific Northwest
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Elodea nuttallii – Nuttall's waterweed, western waterweed
Distribution: Occasional in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California; more common east to Maine and Virginia.
Habitat: Fresh to slightly brackish water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Occasional in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California; more common east to Maine and Virginia.
Habitat: Fresh to slightly brackish water.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Elymus canadensis – Canadian wild rye
Distribution: Alaska south on the east side of the Cascades to California, east to Quebec, north Carolina and Texas
Habitat: Sandy, dry to moist meadows to mountain canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska south on the east side of the Cascades to California, east to Quebec, north Carolina and Texas
Habitat: Sandy, dry to moist meadows to mountain canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. canadensis – nodding wild rye
Elymus elymoides – bottlebrush, squirreltail
Distribution: British Columbia south to southern California, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Dry and rocky to moist habitats, from along the coast to inland desert plains and prairies, and in the mountains to above tree line.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: British Columbia south to southern California, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Dry and rocky to moist habitats, from along the coast to inland desert plains and prairies, and in the mountains to above tree line.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
• ssp. brevifolius – longleaf squirreltail
• ssp. elymoides – bottlebrush squirreltail, California squirreltail
• ssp. hordeoides – bottlebrush squirreltail
Elymus glaucus – blue wild-rye
Distribution: Southern Alaska south to California, east to Ontario and Indiana.
Habitat: Prairies, open woods, and dry to moist hillsides, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Southern Alaska south to California, east to Ontario and Indiana.
Habitat: Prairies, open woods, and dry to moist hillsides, from the lowlands to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• ssp. glaucus – blue wildrye
• ssp. virescens – blue wildrye
Elymus lanceolatus
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
• ssp. lanceolatus – thick-spiked wheatgrass
• ssp. psammophilus – sand-dune wheatgrass
• ssp. riparius – stream bank wheatgrass
Elymus repens – creeping wild rye
Distribution: Native to Eurasia; Alaska to Greenland and south to California, Texas, and North Carolina.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Native to Eurasia; Alaska to Greenland and south to California, Texas, and North Carolina.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Empetrum nigrum – crowberry
Distribution: In the Cascades and Olympic Mountains of Washington; Alaska south to California.
Habitat: Exposed rocky bluffs, but also in peat bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: In the Cascades and Olympic Mountains of Washington; Alaska south to California.
Habitat: Exposed rocky bluffs, but also in peat bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Enemion hallii – Willamette false rue-anemone
Distribution: Lewis and Thurston Counties, Washington, south in the Columbia River Gorge and Willamette Valley to Marion County, Oregon
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Lewis and Thurston Counties, Washington, south in the Columbia River Gorge and Willamette Valley to Marion County, Oregon
Habitat: Moist woods and streambanks at low elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Epilobium anagallidifolium – alpine willowherb, pimpernel willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Greenland, throughout western and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Alpine meadows, streambanks, and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to Greenland, throughout western and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Alpine meadows, streambanks, and riparian areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Epilobium brachycarpum – autumn willowherb, tall annual willowherb
Distribution: Throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Wisconsin in the north and New Mexico in the south.
Habitat: Common in dry, open meadows and grasslands to lightly wooded areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Throughout Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Wisconsin in the north and New Mexico in the south.
Habitat: Common in dry, open meadows and grasslands to lightly wooded areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Epilobium campestre – smooth willowherb
Distribution: Central and eastern portion of Washington; British Columbia east to Saskatchewan, south to Arizona and California.
Habitat: Mud flats, vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Central and eastern portion of Washington; British Columbia east to Saskatchewan, south to Arizona and California.
Habitat: Mud flats, vernal pools.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Epilobium ciliatum – ciliate willowherb, Watson's willowherb
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout all of Washington; widespread throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist soil from lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout all of Washington; widespread throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moist soil from lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium clavatum – talus willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist meadows and talus slopes in the mountains, subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Moist meadows and talus slopes in the mountains, subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Epilobium densiflorum – dense-flower willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Boggy areas with standing water in winter and spring; occasional streamside.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Montana and Nevada.
Habitat: Boggy areas with standing water in winter and spring; occasional streamside.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Epilobium glaberrimum – smooth willowherb
Distribution: Widely distributed throughtout much of the mountainous areas of Washington; British Ciolumbia south to California, east to Montana, Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Wet places at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughtout much of the mountainous areas of Washington; British Ciolumbia south to California, east to Montana, Idaho and Colorado.
Habitat: Wet places at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium glandulosum – ciliate willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mts.; eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and riparian areas from coastal elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Rocky Mts.; eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist meadows and riparian areas from coastal elevations to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium hallianum – glandular willowherb, Hall's willowherb
Distribution: Occurring in the mountains throughout Washington; occurring throughout western North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet areas from montane to alpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring in the mountains throughout Washington; occurring throughout western North America.
Habitat: Moist to wet areas from montane to alpine habitats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium hirsutum – codlins-and-cream, fiddle grass
Distribution: Introduced occasionally west of the Cascades and near Bingen in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; upper central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Garden escape in wet areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Introduced occasionally west of the Cascades and near Bingen in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon; upper central and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Garden escape in wet areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium hornemannii – Hornemann's willow-herb
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to South Dakota and New Mexico.
Habitat: Wet rocky areas and streambanks, low to subalpine elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to South Dakota and New Mexico.
Habitat: Wet rocky areas and streambanks, low to subalpine elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• ssp. hornemannii – alpine willowherb
Epilobium lactiflorum – white-flower willowherb
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Wet meadows and seeps, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Wet meadows and seeps, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Epilobium luteum – yellow willowherb
Distribution: In the Olympics and Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: In the Olympics and Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and wet areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Epilobium minutum – California willowherb, chaparral willowherb, small-flowered willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; common from British Columbia south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry or gravelly soil, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; common from British Columbia south to California, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry or gravelly soil, sea level to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Epilobium oregonense – Oregon willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Arizona, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Streambanks, bogs, and wet meadows from moderate elevations in mountains to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Arizona, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Streambanks, bogs, and wet meadows from moderate elevations in mountains to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Epilobium palustre – marsh willowherb
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska east to the Atlantic coast; south in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado.
Habitat: Wet soil, often in bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska east to the Atlantic coast; south in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado.
Habitat: Wet soil, often in bogs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Epilobium torreyi – brook willowherb
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington from Kittitas County south; both sides of the Cascades in Oregon, south to central California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Places that are soggy with standing water in winter and spring, drying in summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington from Kittitas County south; both sides of the Cascades in Oregon, south to central California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Places that are soggy with standing water in winter and spring, drying in summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Epipactis gigantea – giant helleborine
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake margins, around springs and seeps, especially in thermal waters in otherwise desert regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Stream banks, lake margins, around springs and seeps, especially in thermal waters in otherwise desert regions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Epipactis helleborine – broad-leaved helleborine, garden helleborine
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, in scattered locations across central Canada and the U.S.; the Upper Midwest and Northeast U.S.
Habitat: Moist to dry, shady woods, disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, in scattered locations across central Canada and the U.S.; the Upper Midwest and Northeast U.S.
Habitat: Moist to dry, shady woods, disturbed sites.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-October
Equisetum arvense – common horsetail, field horsetail
Distribution: Cosmopolitan; throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry areas
Origin: Native
Distribution: Cosmopolitan; throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to moderately dry areas
Origin: Native
Equisetum fluviatile – or river horsetail, swamp, water
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east across southern Canada and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Shallow water, marshes and bogs, along muddy shores, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east across southern Canada and the northern tier of states in the United States.
Habitat: Shallow water, marshes and bogs, along muddy shores, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Equisetum hyemale – scouringrush horsetail , common scouring-rush
Distribution: Circumboreal; throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to wet areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Distribution: Circumboreal; throughout the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Moist to wet areas, lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
• ssp. affine – common scouring rush, Dutch rush, prairie scouring rush
Equisetum palustre – marsh horsetail
Distribution: Circumboreal, south south in North America to southern Washington, northern Idaho, Nebraska and Pennsylvania.
Habitat: Streambanks, wet meadows, and marshes, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Circumboreal, south south in North America to southern Washington, northern Idaho, Nebraska and Pennsylvania.
Habitat: Streambanks, wet meadows, and marshes, from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Equisetum scirpoides – sedgelike horsetail, dwarf scouring rush
Distribution: Circumboreal, south in North America to northeast Washington, east to northwest Montana, Minnisota, and New York.
Habitat: Moist, swampy places, especially in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Circumboreal, south in North America to northeast Washington, east to northwest Montana, Minnisota, and New York.
Habitat: Moist, swampy places, especially in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Equisetum sylvaticum – wood horsetail, woodland horsetail
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, east across southern Canada and northern United States to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Shady coniferous forests, bog edges and swamps
Origin: Native
Distribution: Alaska to Washington, east across southern Canada and northern United States to the Atlantic Coast
Habitat: Shady coniferous forests, bog edges and swamps
Origin: Native
Equisetum telmateia – giant horsetail
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho
Habitat: Moist areas in the lowlands
Origin: Native
Distribution: British Columbia to California, east to Idaho
Habitat: Moist areas in the lowlands
Origin: Native
• ssp. braunii – giant horsetail, great horsetail
Equisetum variegatum – variegated horsetail, northern scouring-rush
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east across southern Canada and the northern third of the United States
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to alpine
Origin: Native
Distribution: Alaska to Oregon, east across southern Canada and the northern third of the United States
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to alpine
Origin: Native
• ssp. alaskanum – Alaskan scouring rush
• ssp. variegatum – variegated horsetail, northern scouring rush
Eragrostis cilianensis – stinkgrass
Distribution: Central Washington south ot California, east to Maine.
Habitat: Disturbed areas and waste land, and along streams and pond margins.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - October
Distribution: Central Washington south ot California, east to Maine.
Habitat: Disturbed areas and waste land, and along streams and pond margins.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - October
Eragrostis curvula – weeping lovegrass
Distribution: In scattered locations across Washington; occurring from West to East Coast of U.S., typically in the southern half of the country.
Habitat: Distrubed areas where open and forest edge.
Origin: Introduced from southern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: In scattered locations across Washington; occurring from West to East Coast of U.S., typically in the southern half of the country.
Habitat: Distrubed areas where open and forest edge.
Origin: Introduced from southern Africa
Flowers: June-July
Eragrostis hypnoides – teal love grass
Distribution: In Washington, chiefly west of the Cascades, and along the Columbia and Snake Rivers; widespread in central and eastern United States.
Habitat: Mud flats along streams, ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Distribution: In Washington, chiefly west of the Cascades, and along the Columbia and Snake Rivers; widespread in central and eastern United States.
Habitat: Mud flats along streams, ponds and lakes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Eragrostis mexicana – Mexican lovegrass
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• ssp. virescens – Mexican lovegrass, orcutt's lovegrass
Eragrostis pectinacea – tufted lovegrass
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - September
• var. pectinacea – purple eragrostis, tufted eragrostis
Eragrostis pilosa – India lovegrass
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: October
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: October
• var. pilosa – India lovegrass
Erechtites glomeratus – cut leaf burnweed, New Zealand burnweed, Australian fireweed
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
Erechtites hieraciifolius – eastern burnweed, eastern fireweed
Distribution: Occasionally introduced west of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon
Habitat: Roadside weed
Origin: Native in eastern United States
Flowers: August - September
Distribution: Occasionally introduced west of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon
Habitat: Roadside weed
Origin: Native in eastern United States
Flowers: August - September
• var. hieraciifolius – American burnweed
Eremogone aculeata – needle-leaf sandwort, prickly sandwort
Distribution: Known from Kittitas County in Washington; Beaverhead County, Montana, to northeast Oregon, south to Nevada, Utah, and northeast California.
Habitat: Gravelly sagebrush-covered hills at 6000 feet elevation to rocky alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Known from Kittitas County in Washington; Beaverhead County, Montana, to northeast Oregon, south to Nevada, Utah, and northeast California.
Habitat: Gravelly sagebrush-covered hills at 6000 feet elevation to rocky alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Eremogone capillaris – mountain sandwort, thread-leaved sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to northern Oregon and northern Nevada, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to rocky subalpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to northern Oregon and northern Nevada, east to Alberta and Montana.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to rocky subalpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. americana – fescue sandwort, thread-leaved sandwort
Eremogone congesta – ballhead sandwort, capitate sandwort
Distribution: Okanogan County, Washington, south on the east side of the Cascades to Oregon and the Sierra Nevada of California, east to the Rockies.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Okanogan County, Washington, south on the east side of the Cascades to Oregon and the Sierra Nevada of California, east to the Rockies.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. cephaloidea – ballhead sandwort, sharptip sandwort
• var. congesta – ballhead sandwort
• var. prolifera – ballhead sandwort
Eremogone franklinii
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sand dunes, scabland and sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sand dunes, scabland and sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
• var. franklinii – Franklin's sandwort
• var. thompsonii – Thompson's sandwort
Eremopyrum triticeum – annual false wheat grass
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry wasteland, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry wasteland, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Eremothera boothii – Booth's sun cup, Booth's evening primrose
Origin: Native
Origin: Native
• ssp. boothii – Booth's sun cup, Booth's evening primrose, Booth's suncup
Eremothera minor – small-flowered evening primrose, green river suncup
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, often where vernally moist
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, often where vernally moist
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Eremothera pygmaea – dwarf suncup
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington in central part of the state; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist areas in open, sagebrush desert
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington in central part of the state; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Vernally moist areas in open, sagebrush desert
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Ericameria bloomeri – rabbitbush heath goldenrod, rabbitbrush goldenweed
Distribution: Southern British Columbia and northeast Washington, south in the Cascades and the mountains of eastern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Southern British Columbia and northeast Washington, south in the Cascades and the mountains of eastern Oregon to California.
Habitat: Dry, rocky slopes and open woods, from the foothills to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Ericameria greenei – Greene's heath goldenrod, Greene's goldenweed
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; from northern Washington to California, and in the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon.
Habitat: Open or sparsely wooded slopes at rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: East of the Cascade crest in Washington; from northern Washington to California, and in the Wallowa Mountains of Oregon.
Habitat: Open or sparsely wooded slopes at rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Ericameria nauseosa – common rabbit-brush
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from the plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana.
Habitat: Dry, open areas from the plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: August-September
• var. nana – little rabbitbrush
• var. speciosa – rubber rabbitbrush
Ericameria resinosa – Columbian heath goldenrod, Columbia goldenweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Basalt cliffs and rock crevices in the plains and foothills, extending up to 6000 feet on the east slope of the Cascades.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Erigeron acris
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to South Dakota.
Habitat: Mid- to high elevations in mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to South Dakota.
Habitat: Mid- to high elevations in mountain meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• var. kamtschaticus – bitter fleabane
Erigeron aliceae – Eastwood's daisy, Alice's fleabane
Distribution: In the Olympic Mountains of Washington, in the Cascades of Oregon, and in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon and California.
Habitat: Moist to fairly dry, sandy, open areas at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: In the Olympic Mountains of Washington, in the Cascades of Oregon, and in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon and California.
Habitat: Moist to fairly dry, sandy, open areas at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Erigeron annuus – sweet scabrous erigeron, annual fleabane, eastern daisy fleabane
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; native to eastern North America and widely introduced in other areas of North America.
Habitat: Weed of moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Native? Introduced in OR, status as a native in BC uncertain
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; native to eastern North America and widely introduced in other areas of North America.
Habitat: Weed of moist, disturbed soil.
Origin: Native? Introduced in OR, status as a native in BC uncertain
Flowers: June-September
Erigeron aureus – golden daisy, golden fleabane
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Exposed rocky areas, cliffs, and ridges, often at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August.
Distribution: Both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Washington, east to Alberta.
Habitat: Exposed rocky areas, cliffs, and ridges, often at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August.
Erigeron basalticus – basalt fleabane
Distribution: Selah Creek area and north in the Yakima River canyon, Yakima and Kittitas Counties, Washington.
Habitat: Cliff crevices in rocky canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Distribution: Selah Creek area and north in the Yakima River canyon, Yakima and Kittitas Counties, Washington.
Habitat: Cliff crevices in rocky canyons.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Erigeron bloomeri – scabland fleabane
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, central Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky areas at low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, central Washington to California, east to Idaho and Nevada
Habitat: Dry, open, rocky areas at low to moderate elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. bloomeri – bloomer's daisy, scabland fleabane
Erigeron caespitosus – tufted daisy, tufted fleabane
Distribution: Alaska and Yukon to eastern Washington and Idaho, south to Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open, and often rocky places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: Alaska and Yukon to eastern Washington and Idaho, south to Arizona.
Habitat: Dry, open, and often rocky places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Erigeron chrysopsidis – golden daisy, dwarf yellow fleabane
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade Mountains crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to open slopes of forests at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascade Mountains crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Shrub-steppe to open slopes of forests at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. chrysopsidis – golden daisy, dwarf yellow fleabane, golden fleabane
Erigeron compositus – cutleaf daisy, dwarf mountain fleabane, fernleaf fleabane, trifid mountain fleabane
Distribution: British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: Sandy riverbanks at low elevations to rocky outcrops at mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: Sandy riverbanks at low elevations to rocky outcrops at mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Erigeron corymbosus – foothill daisy, longleaf fleabane
Distribution: Cheifly east of the Cascades, southern British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, usually dry places, often among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Cheifly east of the Cascades, southern British Columbia to eastern Oregon, east to Montana and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, usually dry places, often among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Erigeron disparipilus – Snake River daisy, white cushion fleabane
Distribution: Near the Snake River from extreme southeast Washington to Owyhee County, Idaho
Habitat: Dry, rocky hillsides
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Near the Snake River from extreme southeast Washington to Owyhee County, Idaho
Habitat: Dry, rocky hillsides
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Erigeron divergens – diffuse daisy, spreading fleabane
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, riverbanks, and forest openings from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Meadows, grasslands, riverbanks, and forest openings from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Erigeron eatonii – Eaton's daisy
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, central Washington south to California and Arizona and east to Wyoming.
Habitat: Open places in the mountains and foothills.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, central Washington south to California and Arizona and east to Wyoming.
Habitat: Open places in the mountains and foothills.
Origin: Native
• var. villosus – Eaton's shaggy daisy, Eaton's shaggy fleabane
Erigeron elatus – swamp fleabane
Distribution: Occurring in north-central region of Washington; Alaska south to Washington, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, edges of ponds, forested wetlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring in north-central region of Washington; Alaska south to Washington, east across Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wet meadows, edges of ponds, forested wetlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Erigeron filifolius – Peck's threadleaf fleabane
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: In shrub-steppe of foothills and plains, often with sagebrush
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana
Habitat: In shrub-steppe of foothills and plains, often with sagebrush
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Erigeron flettii – Flett's fleabane, Olympic Mt. fleabane
Distribution: Olympic Mountains of Washington at high elevations.
Habitat: Cliffs and other rocky places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Olympic Mountains of Washington at high elevations.
Habitat: Cliffs and other rocky places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Erigeron glacialis – glacier fleabane
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountains throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountains throughout Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist, open areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
• var. glacialis – peregrine fleabane
Erigeron howellii – Howell's daisy, Howell's fleabane
Distribution: Soouth side of the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon and Skamania County, Washington
Habitat: Moist, rocky places in the lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
Distribution: Soouth side of the Columbia River Gorge in Oregon and Skamania County, Washington
Habitat: Moist, rocky places in the lowlands.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April - June
Erigeron inornatus – California rayless daisy
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry slopes and forest openings, often where sandy or rocky.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Nevada.
Habitat: Dry slopes and forest openings, often where sandy or rocky.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
• var. inornatus – California rayless daisy, unadorned fleabane
Erigeron leibergii – Leiberg's fleabane
Distribution: In the Cascade and Wenatchee Mountains of Okanogan, Chelan and Kittitas Counties; British Columbia south to Washington.
Habitat: Cliffs and rocky places at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: In the Cascade and Wenatchee Mountains of Okanogan, Chelan and Kittitas Counties; British Columbia south to Washington.
Habitat: Cliffs and rocky places at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erigeron linearis – desert yellow daisy, lineleaf fleabane
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to mid-elevations
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Erigeron lonchophyllus – short rayed daisy, spear leaved fleabane
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to Quebec and North Dakota.
Habitat: Damp meadows and other moist places at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: East of the Cascades, British Columbia to California, east to Quebec and North Dakota.
Habitat: Damp meadows and other moist places at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Erigeron nivalis – northern daisy
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: Moist open areas from streambanks to subalpine meadows. Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington;
Habitat: Moist open areas from streambanks to subalpine meadows. Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erigeron oreganus – gorge daisy, Oregon fleabane
Distribution: Columbia River Gorge, more common on the Oregon side.
Habitat: Moist shady cliffs and ledges.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Columbia River Gorge, more common on the Oregon side.
Habitat: Moist shady cliffs and ledges.
Origin: Native
Erigeron peregrinus – wandering daisy, wandering fleabane
Distribution: Common from Alaska to California, east to Colorado
Habitat: Moist, open areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Common from Alaska to California, east to Colorado
Habitat: Moist, open areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Erigeron philadelphicus – Philadelphia daisy, Philadelphia fleabane
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist, open forests at low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Moist, open forests at low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
• var. philadelphicus – Philadelphia daisy, Philadelphia fleabane
Erigeron piperianus – Piper's fleabane
Distribution: Columbia plains of south-central and southeast Washington
Habitat: Dry, open places, often in sandy soil among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Columbia plains of south-central and southeast Washington
Habitat: Dry, open places, often in sandy soil among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Erigeron poliospermus – hairy-seeded daisy, cushion fleabane
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
• var. cereus – Kittitas fleabane
• var. poliospermus – hairy seeded daisy, cushion fleabane
Erigeron pumilus – shaggy fleabane
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Open places in the foothills, valleys and plains, often among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Great Plains.
Habitat: Open places in the foothills, valleys and plains, often among sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. intermedius – shaggy fleabane
• var. pumilus – shaggy fleabane
Erigeron salishii – Salish daisy, star peak fleabane
Distribution: British Columbia and Washington.
Habitat: Cliffs, ridges, ledges and gravelly slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: British Columbia and Washington.
Habitat: Cliffs, ridges, ledges and gravelly slopes at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Erigeron speciosus – showy daisy, triple nerved daisy, showy fleabane, splendid fleabane, triple nerved fleabane
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and South Dakota.
Habitat: Prairies and forest openings from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona, east to the Rocky Mountains and South Dakota.
Habitat: Prairies and forest openings from the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erigeron strigosus – branched daisy, daisy fleabane
Distribution: Widely distributed in Washington; widespread throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moderately dry places at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Distribution: Widely distributed in Washington; widespread throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Moderately dry places at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
• var. septentrionalis – prairie fleabane
• var. strigosus – branching daisy, daisy fleabane
Erigeron subtrinervis – three-veined fleabane
Distribution: Washington to the Dakotas, south to Colorado, but not found in Oregon
Habitat: Moderately dry, open places at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Washington to the Dakotas, south to Colorado, but not found in Oregon
Habitat: Moderately dry, open places at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Eriogonum codium – basalt desert buckwheat, Umptanum buckwheat
Distribution: Found only in Benton County Washington.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Found only in Benton County Washington.
Habitat: Volcanic soils in sagebrush along the Columbia River.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Eriogonum compositum – arrow-leaf buckwheat, northern buckwheat
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, open areas, rocky slopes and cliffs from low to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. compositum – northern buckwheat
• var. lancifolium – northern buckwheat
• var. leianthum – northern buckwheat
Eriogonum douglasii – Douglas's buckwheat
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests, often on lithosol.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. douglasii – Douglas' buckwheat
Eriogonum elatum – rush buckwheat, tall buckwheat
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, less commonly east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open sagebrush desert in the foothills to rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: East of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, less commonly east to Idaho.
Habitat: Open sagebrush desert in the foothills to rather high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. elatum – tall buckwheat
Eriogonum flavum – yellow buckwheat
Distribution: Alaska and British Columbia, south in extreme eastern Washington and Oregon, east to Alberta and south to Colorado
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
Distribution: Alaska and British Columbia, south in extreme eastern Washington and Oregon, east to Alberta and south to Colorado
Habitat: Open knolls in grasslands to alpine ridges and scree
Origin: Native
Flowers: Late June - August
• var. piperi – Piper's buckwheat, yellow buckwheat
Eriogonum heracleoides – bractless parsnip-flower wild buckwheat, parsnip-flowered buckwheat, parsnip-flowered eriogonum
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to south California, east to Wyoming and Nevada.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at mid-elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to south California, east to Wyoming and Nevada.
Habitat: Deeper soil of shrub-steppe to ponderosa pine forests and rocky ridges at mid-elevation in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Eriogonum marifolium – mountain buckwheat
Distribution: Chiefly on the east slope of the Cascades, Linn County, Oregon, south to Siskiyou County, California.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to 9000-foot alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
Distribution: Chiefly on the east slope of the Cascades, Linn County, Oregon, south to Siskiyou County, California.
Habitat: Gravelly flats in lodgepole and ponderosa pine forests to 9000-foot alpine ridges and talus slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - July
• var. marifolium – marum-leaf wild buckwheat, mountain buckwheat
Eriogonum microthecum – slenderbush buckwheat
Distribution: East edge of the Cascades in Washington to the southern Sierra of California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Distribution: East edge of the Cascades in Washington to the southern Sierra of California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sandy deserts to lower mountain slopes, chiefly with sagebrush.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
• var. laxiflorum – slenderbush buckwheat
Eriogonum niveum – snow buckwheat
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, in deep or sandy soil.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Eriogonum nudum – bare-stem buckwheat, naked buckwheat
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky places from the lowlands to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
• var. nudum – barestem buckwheat, naked buckwheat
Eriogonum ovalifolium – cushion buckwheat, oval-leaved eriogonum
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, juniper and ponderosa pine forests, to alpine ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
• var. nivale – Sierra cushion buckwheat
• var. ovalifolium – cushion wild buckwheat
• var. purpureum – purple cushion wild buckwheat
Eriogonum pyrolifolium – alpine buckwheat, oarleaf buckwheat
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho and Montana.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Eriogonum sphaerocephalum – rock buckwheat, round-headed eriogonum
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Chelan County, Washington south to California and east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Chelan County, Washington south to California and east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sagebrush or juniper flats to ponderosa pine forests at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. halimioides – rock buckwheat
• var. sphaerocephalum – rock buckwheat
• var. sublineare – scabland wild buckwheat
Eriogonum strictum – strict buckwheat
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Idaho, and Nevada.
Habitat: Sandy or rocky soils, sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. anserinum – Goose Lake wild buckwheat
• var. proliferum – strict buckwheat
• var. strictum – strict buckwheat
Eriogonum thymoides – thyme buckwheat, thyme-leaf wild buckwheat
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to Oregon along east side of the Cascades, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; central Washington south to Oregon along east side of the Cascades, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts, dry ponderosa pine forest openings, open ridges in lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Eriogonum umbellatum – sulfur buckwheat, sulfurflower
Distribution: On both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: On both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Montana, Colorado and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts to alpine rocky ridges.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
• var. devestivum – emperor's sulfur flower
• var. ellipticum – sulfur flower
• var. haussknechtii – sulfur flower
• var. hypoleium – sulfur flower
• var. majus – subalpine sulfur flower
• var. sandbergii – Sandberg's sulfur flower
Eriogonum vimineum – broom buckwheat
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Utah and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Utah and New Mexico.
Habitat: Sagebrush deserts and dry ponderosa pine forest openings; tolerant of dry, disturbed conditions.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Eriophorum angustifolium – many-spiked bog cotton, many-spiked cotton-grass
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes, extending south into Oregon, Colorado and New York.
Habitat: Cold swamps and bogs at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Circumboreal at high latitudes, extending south into Oregon, Colorado and New York.
Habitat: Cold swamps and bogs at moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
• ssp. angustifolium – many-spiked cottongrass
Eriophorum chamissonis – Chamisso's cotton-grass, russet cottongrass
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps and other wet places at moderate elevations in the mountains, descending to sea level along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon, east across the northern half of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps and other wet places at moderate elevations in the mountains, descending to sea level along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Eriophorum gracile – slender cottongrass
Distribution: Alaska, Canada and the northern half on the United States
Habitat: Wet places, mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Distribution: Alaska, Canada and the northern half on the United States
Habitat: Wet places, mid- to high elevation in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - August
Eriophyllum lanatum – common woolly sunflower
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia to California, east Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia to California, east Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry, open, often rocky areas at low to mid-elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
• var. integrifolium – Oregon sunshine
• var. lanatum – common eriophyllum, common wooly sunflower
Erodium cicutarium – common stork's bill
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Dry plains and hillsides, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Dry plains and hillsides, low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Erodium moschatum – greenstem filaree
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations in Washington; Washington south to California and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Occasional escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-September
Distribution: Occurring in a few scattered locations in Washington; Washington south to California and Arizona, also in northeastern North America.
Habitat: Occasional escape from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-September
Eruca vesicaria
Distribution: Introduced sparingly in the United States, mostly in California on the west coast; in Klickitat County and possibly a few other places in Washington.
Habitat: Grain fields and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Introduced sparingly in the United States, mostly in California on the west coast; in Klickitat County and possibly a few other places in Washington.
Habitat: Grain fields and waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - June
• ssp. sativa – garden rocket
Erucastrum gallicum – dog mustard, hairy rocket
Distribution: Weedy introduction from central Europe, fairly common in eastern United States; found in a few scattered locations in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Waste areas and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - July
Distribution: Weedy introduction from central Europe, fairly common in eastern United States; found in a few scattered locations in the Pacific Northwest.
Habitat: Waste areas and disturbed soil.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May - July
Eryngium petiolatum – Oregon eryngo, rush-leaf eryngo
Distribution: Chiefly along the Columbia River in Washington, south to the Willamette Valley.
Habitat: Low ground, especially in places submerged in spring and drier in summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Chiefly along the Columbia River in Washington, south to the Willamette Valley.
Habitat: Low ground, especially in places submerged in spring and drier in summer.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erysimum arenicola – sand-dwelling wallflower
Distribution: In the Olympics, Cascades, and Blue mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Open ridges and rock crevices, moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: In the Olympics, Cascades, and Blue mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Open ridges and rock crevices, moderate to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Erysimum capitatum
Distribution: On both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Ohio and Texas.
Habitat: Often in sandy soil, plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: On both sides of the Cascades in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Ohio and Texas.
Habitat: Often in sandy soil, plains to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
• var. capitatum – prairie rocket, rough wallflower
Erysimum cheiranthoides – treacle mustard, wormseed wallflower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including fields, roadsides and wastelots, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including fields, roadsides and wastelots, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: June-August
Erysimum cheiri – Aegean wallflower
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; scattered locations in western and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; scattered locations in western and eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: April-June
Erysimum inconspicuum – prairie rocket, small-flowered rocket, small-flowered rocket rocket, small wallflower
Distribution: Known from the northeast region in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon and Nevada, east across much of the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rock outcroppings and roadsides where calcareous, also tolerant of alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Known from the northeast region in Washington; Alaska south to Oregon and Nevada, east across much of the U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rock outcroppings and roadsides where calcareous, also tolerant of alkaline soils.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Erysimum occidentale – pale wallflower, western wallflower
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush hills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; Washington to Nevada, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Sagebrush hills and valleys.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Erysimum repandum – spreading wallflower
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Wasteland in dry areas, plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Wasteland in dry areas, plains and lower mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Erythranthe alsinoides – chickweed monkey-flower, wing-stem monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Shady, vernally (springtime) moist places on cliffs and ledges, especially at low elevations; often growing in moss mats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Shady, vernally (springtime) moist places on cliffs and ledges, especially at low elevations; often growing in moss mats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Erythranthe breviflora – short-flower monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist and wet open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Moist and wet open areas at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Erythranthe breweri – Brewer's monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to moist open woods and meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Montana and Colorado.
Habitat: Dry to moist open woods and meadows at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erythranthe caespitosa – large mountain monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet meadows and wet, rocky slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Occurring in the Olympics and Cascades mountains of Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Idaho.
Habitat: Wet meadows and wet, rocky slopes at high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Erythranthe cardinalis – scarlet monkey-flower
Distribution: Only known from a few locations in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced?
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Only known from a few locations in Washington; Washington south to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Streambanks, where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced?
Flowers: May-August
Erythranthe dentata – tooth-leaved mimulus, coastal monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and other moist places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Stream banks and other moist places.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Erythranthe floribunda – purple-stem monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California and east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist open places at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; southern British Columbia south to California and east to Montana.
Habitat: Moist open places at moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-October
Erythranthe guttata – seep monkey-flower, yellow monkeyflower
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Dakotas.
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; Alaska south to California, east to the Dakotas.
Habitat: Wet places, sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-September
Erythranthe jungermannioides – liverwort monkey-flower
Distribution: Known historically from the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington and Oregon, south along the Deschutes River to Maupin.
Habitat: Moss mats on cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Known historically from the east end of the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Washington and Oregon, south along the Deschutes River to Maupin.
Habitat: Moss mats on cliffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Erythranthe lewisii – great purple monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Common in wet places at mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Colorado.
Habitat: Common in wet places at mid- to high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erythranthe microphylla – small-leaved monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; central BC to California, east to western Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, wet meadows, streambanks, and seeps.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; central BC to California, east to western Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Rocky slopes, wet meadows, streambanks, and seeps.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Erythranthe moschata – musk flower, sticky monkeyflower, musk-flower, musk-plant
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows and seeps, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout much of Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Streambanks, moist meadows and seeps, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Erythranthe primuloides – primrose monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, Arizona and New Mexico, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Wet, boggy areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, Arizona and New Mexico, east to Montana and Utah.
Habitat: Wet, boggy areas at mid- to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erythranthe suksdorfii – miniature monkey-flower
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Mt Adams south to southern California, east to Colorado and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry places, from the valleys and foothills to moderate or occasionally higher elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Mt Adams south to southern California, east to Colorado and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open, moist to rather dry places, from the valleys and foothills to moderate or occasionally higher elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Erythronium grandiflorum – yellow fawn-lily, glacier-lily
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes to near timberline in the mountains, often blooming near snow fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; British Columbia south to Oregon, east to Colorado.
Habitat: Sagebrush slopes to near timberline in the mountains, often blooming near snow fields.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-August
• var. grandiflorum – yellow fawn lily
Erythronium montanum – white avalanche lily
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Vancouver Island, British Columbia south to Oregon.
Habitat: Forest openings and mountain meadows, subalpine to alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Erythronium oregonum – giant fawn lily, wild easter lily, deer's tongue
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Prairies, rocky balds, moist woods; at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: March-May
• ssp. oregonum – giant fawn lily, wild easter lily, deer's tongue
Erythronium quinaultense – Olympic fawn lily, quinault trout lily
Distribution: Southwestern portion of Olympic peninsula, Washington.
Habitat: Openings and rocky ledges in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Southwestern portion of Olympic peninsula, Washington.
Habitat: Openings and rocky ledges in coniferous forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - June
Erythronium revolutum – coast fawn lily, mahogany fawn lily, pink fawn lily
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia south to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: West of the Cascades in Washington; southern British Columbia south to northwest California.
Habitat: Along river banks and the edge of woods, in open or in moderate shade.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-May
Eschscholzia californica – California poppy
Distribution: Occurring in locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Occurring in locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Arizona and New Mexico.
Habitat: Open, often rocky areas, at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-September
• ssp. californica – California poppy
Eucephalus engelmannii – Engelmann's aster
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to Alberta and south to Colorado.
Habitat: Open woods, foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Distributed on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Nevada, east to Alberta and south to Colorado.
Habitat: Open woods, foothills to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Eucephalus glaucescens – Klickitat aster
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; endemic (only occurring in) Washington.
Habitat: Forest openings and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; endemic (only occurring in) Washington.
Habitat: Forest openings and meadows at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Eucephalus ledophyllus – Cascade aster
Distribution: Cascade Mountains from northern Washington to southern Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and open woods, mid-elevations up to timberline in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Cascade Mountains from northern Washington to southern Oregon.
Habitat: Meadows and open woods, mid-elevations up to timberline in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
• var. ledophyllus – Cascade aster
Eucephalus paucicapitatus – Olympic Mountain aster
Distribution: Olympic Mountains of Washington and Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Habitat: Open slopes, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Olympic Mountains of Washington and Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Habitat: Open slopes, mid- to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Euclidium syriacum – euclidium, Syrian mustard
Distribution: In scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado; also in Massachusetts.
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and ditch banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: In scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado; also in Massachusetts.
Habitat: Weed of roadsides and ditch banks.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-June
Euonymus europaeus – European spindle tree
Distribution: Occurring in urban areas in a few cities in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi in the U.S. and in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Occurring in urban areas in a few cities in Washington; widely distributed east of the Mississippi in the U.S. and in eastern Canada.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Euonymus occidentalis – burning bush, western wahoo
Distribution: Uncommon, west of the Cascades in southwestern Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Distribution: Uncommon, west of the Cascades in southwestern Washington; British Columbia south to California.
Habitat: Moist woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
• var. occidentalis – western wahoo
Euphorbia characias – Mediterranean spurge
Distribution: Known from scattered counties in lowland western Washington; not reported as occurring elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Open slopes, rock faces, disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Distribution: Known from scattered counties in lowland western Washington; not reported as occurring elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Open slopes, rock faces, disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-July
Euphorbia cyparissias – cypress spurge
Distribution: Scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; introduced throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Distribution: Scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; introduced throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, often where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-August
Euphorbia glyptosperma – rib seed sandmat, corrugate seeded spurge, ridge seeded spurge
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Maine and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, sandy soil, from the plains to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to Maine and Texas.
Habitat: Dry, sandy soil, from the plains to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Euphorbia helioscopia – mad woman's milk, summer spurge, sun spurge, wart spurge, wartweed
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated areas and abondoned gardens.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Weed of cultivated areas and abondoned gardens.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-July
Euphorbia lathyris – mole plant, gopher plant, caper spurge
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Arizona, widely distributed in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California and Arizona, widely distributed in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-May
Euphorbia maculata – sandmat, milk spurge, spotted spurge
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soil and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced from eastern North America
Flowers: June-September
Euphorbia myrsinites – broad leaved glaucous spurge, myrtle spurge
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Colorado and New Mexico; reported from Ottawa and Minnesota.
Habitat: Disturbed areas often arid areas or dry soils.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: April-July
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; Washington south to California, east to Colorado and New Mexico; reported from Ottawa and Minnesota.
Habitat: Disturbed areas often arid areas or dry soils.
Origin: Introduced from Mediterranean
Flowers: April-July
Euphorbia oblongata – balkan spurge, egg leaf spurge
Distribution: Occurring in a few counties in lowland western Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas, including roadsides and wastelots
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Distribution: Occurring in a few counties in lowland western Washington; Washington to California.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas, including roadsides and wastelots
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Euphorbia peplus – petty spurge
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except central U.S.
Habitat: Weed of disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-November
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America except central U.S.
Habitat: Weed of disturbed ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-November
Euphorbia serpillifolia – thyme leaved spurge
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Dry ground from the plains to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Distribution: Chiefly east of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia south to Baja California, east to Alberta and Texas.
Habitat: Dry ground from the plains to the lower mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Euphorbia spathulata – reticulate seeded spurge, spatulate leaved spurge, warty spurge
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Origin: Native
Flowers: May - July
Euphorbia virgata – wolf's milk, leafy spurge
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States, except Oklahoma to Virginia and south; mostly eastern Washington, Idaho and Montana in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Noxious weed of disturbed soils
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - June
Distribution: Introduced in much of the United States, except Oklahoma to Virginia and south; mostly eastern Washington, Idaho and Montana in the Pacific Northwest
Habitat: Noxious weed of disturbed soils
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May - June
Euphrasia nemorosa – common eyebright, hairy eyebright
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - October
Distribution: Introduced chiefly west of the Cascades in Washington.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June - October
Eurybia conspicua – showy aster, western showy aster, eastern showy wood-aster
Distribution: Northeast Oregon and eastern Washington, east to Wyoming and north to Saskatchewan
Habitat: Open woods, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Distribution: Northeast Oregon and eastern Washington, east to Wyoming and north to Saskatchewan
Habitat: Open woods, foothills to mid-elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - September
Eurybia integrifolia – thick stemmed aster
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern and southeastern regions of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry meadows, open coniferous forests, and riparian areas at mid to higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Distribution: Occurring in the northeastern and southeastern regions of Washington; Washington south to California, east to Montana, Wyoming, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry meadows, open coniferous forests, and riparian areas at mid to higher elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Eurybia merita – arctic aster, Behring wood aster, Siberian aster, subalpine aster
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Eurybia radulina – rough leaved aster
Distribution: Chiefly on the east side of the Cascades in Washington from low to moderate elevations; south to central California.
Habitat: Open woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Chiefly on the east side of the Cascades in Washington from low to moderate elevations; south to central California.
Habitat: Open woods.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Eurybia sibirica – arctic aster, Behring wood aster, Siberian aster, Siberian wood-aster
Distribution: Circumboreal; found in northern Rocky mountains, Pacific Northwest, and northward through Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon and Northwest Territories, and Alaska.
Habitat: In Washington, this species is found in alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Distribution: Circumboreal; found in northern Rocky mountains, Pacific Northwest, and northward through Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon and Northwest Territories, and Alaska.
Habitat: In Washington, this species is found in alpine and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July - August
Euthamia occidentalis – western goldenrod, western goldentop
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Low, ususally moist ground in the valleys and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains of the U.S.
Habitat: Low, ususally moist ground in the valleys and plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-October
Eutrochium maculatum – spotted Joe-pye weed
Distribution: Known only from Whatcom County in Washington; Southern British Columbia to Washington, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps and other moist, open places, from sea level to the high plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
Distribution: Known only from Whatcom County in Washington; Southern British Columbia to Washington, east across the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Swamps and other moist, open places, from sea level to the high plains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-September
• var. bruneri – joe-pye weed, joepyeweed
