Macrofungi
Covers mushrooms and other non-lichenized fungi that form multicellular fruiting bodies large enough to be seen with the unaided eye.
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Scientific names beginning with C:
81 genera
447 species, 9 subspecies and varieties
447 species, 9 subspecies and varieties
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Index to genera:
Calbovista, Calcipostia, Callistosporium, Calocera, Calocybe, Caloscypha, Calvatia, Calyptella, Cantharellus, Cantharocybe, Catathelasma, Cenangium, Ceraceomyces, Ceratobasidium, Cerioporus, Ceriporia, Ceriporiopsis, Cerrena, Chaetodermella, Chalciporus, Chamonixia, Cheilymenia, Cheimonophyllum, Chlamydopus, Chlorociboria, Chlorophyllum, Choiromyces, Chondrostereum, Chromosera, Chroogomphus, Chrysomphalina, Ciboria, Cinereomyces, Cistella, Claudopus, Clavaria, Clavariadelphus, Claviceps, Clavulina, Clavulinopsis, Cleistocybe, Climacocystis, Clitocybe, Clitocybula, Clitopilus, Coccomyces, Colacogloea, Collybia, Coltricia, Conferticium, Coniophora, Conocybe, Contumyces, Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Coprinus, Coprotus, Cordyceps, Coriolopsis, Corticium, Cortinarius, Cotylidia, Craterellus, Crepidotus, Crinipellis, Crucibulum, Crustoderma, Crustomyces, Cryptococcus, Cryptoporus, Cudonia, Cudoniella, Cyathicula, Cyathus, Cylindrobasidium, Cyphellostereum, Cystangium, Cystoderma, Cystodermella, Cystolepiota, CytidiaCalcipostia guttulata
Distribution: Widespread in North America.
Habitat: Coniferous forests.
Substrate: Wood.
Distribution: Widespread in North America.
Habitat: Coniferous forests.
Substrate: Wood.
Calocera viscosa – yellow false coral, yellow tuning fork, coral jelly fungus, yellow staghorn
Distribution: It is common, but rarely abundant, in western North America, as well as in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: Occurs on rotting conifer wood in the forests
Distribution: It is common, but rarely abundant, in western North America, as well as in Europe and Asia.
Habitat: Occurs on rotting conifer wood in the forests
Calocybe onychina
Habitat: Occurs with conifers such as Engelmann spruce, subalpine fir, and Douglas-fir.
Habitat: Occurs with conifers such as Engelmann spruce, subalpine fir, and Douglas-fir.
Caloscypha fulgens – blue-staining cup, dazzling cup, snowbank orange peel fungus
Distribution: Although most common in the western mountains, it occurs across North America, as well as in Europe and temperate Asia.
Distribution: Although most common in the western mountains, it occurs across North America, as well as in Europe and temperate Asia.
Calvatia booniana – Boone's puffball, western giant puffball
Habitat: Sagebrush steppe and open, grassy areas
Habitat: Sagebrush steppe and open, grassy areas
Calvatia cyathiformis – purple-spored puffball, vase puffball
Calvatia gigantea – giant puffball
Calvatia sculpta – sculptured puffball, Sierran puffball
Calvatia subcretacea – small warted mountain puffball
Cantharellus formosus – golden chanterelle, Pacific chanterelle, Pacific golden chanterelle, yellow chanterelle
Description: The species epithet formosus means “finely formed” or “beautiful” and this certainly is descriptive of many of our golden chanterelles. The fruitbodies are often large for a chanterelle, and have a dull orange to brownish orange cap that readily bruises brownish and often is finely scaly. The fertile ridges often are deep and relatively thin; they are usually pale orange-yellow but may have a pinkish cast. The stipe usually is fairly slender and tapered downward.
Distribution: Broad Abundant through moist portions
Habitat: Moist ground
Description: The species epithet formosus means “finely formed” or “beautiful” and this certainly is descriptive of many of our golden chanterelles. The fruitbodies are often large for a chanterelle, and have a dull orange to brownish orange cap that readily bruises brownish and often is finely scaly. The fertile ridges often are deep and relatively thin; they are usually pale orange-yellow but may have a pinkish cast. The stipe usually is fairly slender and tapered downward.
Distribution: Broad Abundant through moist portions
Habitat: Moist ground
Cantharellus roseocanus – rainbow chanterelle
Distribution: Western Moist, coastal or mountain environments
Habitat: It seems to be associated primarily with spruce, occurring with Sitka spruce and shore pine near the coast and with Engelmann spruce in the mountains.
Distribution: Western Moist, coastal or mountain environments
Habitat: It seems to be associated primarily with spruce, occurring with Sitka spruce and shore pine near the coast and with Engelmann spruce in the mountains.
Cantharellus subalbidus – white chanterelle
Distribution: Western Forests containing Douglas-fir and hemlock
Habitat: Favor old-growth forests
Distribution: Western Forests containing Douglas-fir and hemlock
Habitat: Favor old-growth forests
Catathelasma ventricosum – swollen-stalked cat
Distribution: Catathelasmas usually occur on calcareous soils in conifer forests, often in large local populations, forming arcs or rings of fruitbodies.
Distribution: Catathelasmas usually occur on calcareous soils in conifer forests, often in large local populations, forming arcs or rings of fruitbodies.
Ceriporia spissa – orange Poria
Chalciporus piperatus – pepper bolete, peppery bolete
Distribution: It is widespread and can be rather common in some years, but usually is not abundant.
Distribution: It is widespread and can be rather common in some years, but usually is not abundant.
Chlorociboria aeruginascens – green cups, green stain, green wood-cups
Distribution: Broad Across North America, Europe, and Asia
Spores: spores (5--8 x 1--2 µm)
Distribution: Broad Across North America, Europe, and Asia
Spores: spores (5--8 x 1--2 µm)
Chromosera cyanophylla
Distribution: North America and Europe C. cyanophylla usually grows in small groups and can be found in fall on rain-soaked conifer logs, as well as spring and early summer on wet conifer logs exposed by melting snow.
Distribution: North America and Europe C. cyanophylla usually grows in small groups and can be found in fall on rain-soaked conifer logs, as well as spring and early summer on wet conifer logs exposed by melting snow.
Chroogomphus pseudovinicolor – robust pine-spike
Chroogomphus tomentosus – woolly pine spike
Distribution: Occurs only in western North America.
Habitat: Often is found in mixed conifer forests that lack pines.
Distribution: Occurs only in western North America.
Habitat: Often is found in mixed conifer forests that lack pines.
Chroogomphus vinicolor – pine spike, wine-cap
Chrysomphalina chrysophylla – golden-gilled Chrysomphalina, golden-gilled Gerronema, goldgill navelcap
Chrysomphalina grossula – Wynne's Omphalina
Ciboria rufofusca
Substrate: cone scales of true firs
Spores: spores are smooth and ovoid (5--7.5 x 3--3.5 µm)
Substrate: cone scales of true firs
Spores: spores are smooth and ovoid (5--7.5 x 3--3.5 µm)
Clavaria acuta – pointed club
Habitat: Clavaria acuta usually occurs on bare soil in somewhat disturbed areas.
Habitat: Clavaria acuta usually occurs on bare soil in somewhat disturbed areas.
Clavaria rosea – rosy club coral
Clavariadelphus ligula – strap coral, strap-shaped coral
Clavariadelphus sachalinensis – strap-shaped pestle
Distribution: Widespread in western and northern North America.
Habitat: Often these species can be found in large troops under conifers.
Distribution: Widespread in western and northern North America.
Habitat: Often these species can be found in large troops under conifers.
Clavariadelphus truncatus – flat-top coral, flat-topped coral, truncate club coral
Distribution: Broad throughout the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Occurs with conifers
Distribution: Broad throughout the Northern Hemisphere
Habitat: Occurs with conifers
Clavulina cinerea – gray coral, ashy coral mushroom
Clavulina coralloides – crested coral, wrinkled coral, white-crested coral fungus
Clavulina rugosa – wrinkled coral
Clavulinopsis laeticolor – handsome club, golden fairy-club
Distribution: A widespread species, occurring across North America and in Europe and parts of Asia.
Distribution: A widespread species, occurring across North America and in Europe and parts of Asia.
Clitocybe albirhiza – snowmelt Clitocybe, white-stranded Clitocybe
Distribution: Western snowbank mushrooms
Distribution: Western snowbank mushrooms
Clitocybe alexandri – Alexander's funnel
Clitocybe cerussata – lead-white Clitocybe
Clitocybe deceptiva – anise mushroom
Clitocybe dilatata – crowded white Clitocybe
Clitocybe ditopa – mealy frosted funnel
Clitocybe fragrans – fragrant funnel, slim anise mushroom
Clitocybe gibba – funnel Clitocybe, common funnel, funnel-cap
Clitocybe maxima – large white Clitocybe
Clitocybe nebularis – cloudy Clitocybe, clouded funnel
Distribution: A variety of forests, often appearing along woodland trails late in fall
Distribution: A variety of forests, often appearing along woodland trails late in fall
Clitocybe odora – anise-scented Clitocybe, aniseed funnel, blue-green anise mushroom
Clitocybe phyllophila – frosty funnel
Clitocybe rivulosa – sweat-producing Clitocybe
Clitocybe sclerotoidea – parasitic Clitocybe
Clitocybe squamulosa – small scaly Clitocybe
Distribution: Broad Widespread, often common, and variable species
Distribution: Broad Widespread, often common, and variable species
Clitocybula atrialba – black and white Clitocybula
Habitat: C. atrialba is a western species that occurs singly on the (sometimes buried) wood of alder and perhaps other hardwoods.
Substrate: Wood or woody debris
Spores: whitish amyloid spores
Habitat: C. atrialba is a western species that occurs singly on the (sometimes buried) wood of alder and perhaps other hardwoods.
Substrate: Wood or woody debris
Spores: whitish amyloid spores
Clitopilus prunulus – the miller, sweetbread mushroom
Distribution: Widely distributed in conifer as well as deciduous hardwood forests.
Distribution: Widely distributed in conifer as well as deciduous hardwood forests.
Collybia cirrhata – piggyback shanklet
Collybia cookei – splitpea shanklet
Collybia tuberosa – appleseed coincap, tuberous Collybia, lentil shanklet
Coltricia perennis – tiger's eye
Habitat: Occurs on the ground or on woody debris and is most characteristic of disturbed areas such as trail edges and roadsides in conifer forests.
Habitat: Occurs on the ground or on woody debris and is most characteristic of disturbed areas such as trail edges and roadsides in conifer forests.
Coniophora puteana – wet-rot
Conocybe tenera – common cone-head, brown dunce-cap
Coprinellus micaceus – glistening inkcap, glistening inky-cap, mica-cap
Habitat: Hardwood stumps, buried roots, and other organic debris.
Habitat: Hardwood stumps, buried roots, and other organic debris.
Coprinopsis atramentaria – tippler's bane, common inkcap, alcohol inky, inky-cap
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Occurs widely in many natural and disturbed habitats, including gardens and other urban settings
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Occurs widely in many natural and disturbed habitats, including gardens and other urban settings
Coprinopsis cinerea – gray shag
Coprinus comatus – shaggy inkcap, lawyer's-wig, shaggy-mane
Cortinarius acutus
Distribution: C. acutus occurs in nutrient-poor conifer forests, often on moist sites in litter, and can be found throughout the north temperate regions.
Distribution: C. acutus occurs in nutrient-poor conifer forests, often on moist sites in litter, and can be found throughout the north temperate regions.
Cortinarius alboviolaceus – silvery-violet Cortinarius, pearly webcap
Cortinarius aurantiobasis
Habitat: C. aurantiobasis tends to occur in wetter habitats with conifers, often near western hemlock and/or Sitka spruce, and frequently among sphagnum or other mosses.
Habitat: C. aurantiobasis tends to occur in wetter habitats with conifers, often near western hemlock and/or Sitka spruce, and frequently among sphagnum or other mosses.
Cortinarius callisteus – tawny webcap
Cortinarius camphoratus – goatcheese webcap
Cortinarius caperatus – gypsy, gypsy mushroom
Distribution: Common in certain years in the PNW, but becomes less abundant inland and to the south
Distribution: Common in certain years in the PNW, but becomes less abundant inland and to the south
Cortinarius cinnamomeus – cinnamon Cort, cinnamon webcap
Cortinarius clandestinus
Habitat: Western conifer forests, extending from lower elevations into the higher mountains
Habitat: Western conifer forests, extending from lower elevations into the higher mountains
Cortinarius collinitus – belted slimy Cortinarius
Cortinarius crassus – stout webcap
Cortinarius croceus
Distribution: Common and widespread
Habitat: C. croceus occurs throughout north temperate forests and into alpine and arctic areas. It grows with various conifers, as well as hardwoods including beech, birch, and willow.
Distribution: Common and widespread
Habitat: C. croceus occurs throughout north temperate forests and into alpine and arctic areas. It grows with various conifers, as well as hardwoods including beech, birch, and willow.
Cortinarius cupreorufus – copper-red webcap
Cortinarius cyanites – blushing webcap
Cortinarius decipiens – sepia webcap
Cortinarius evernius – silky webcap
Cortinarius gentilis – deadly Cortinarius, goldband webcap
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: C. gentilis has a broad ecological range, occurring in moist environments as well as drier, upland conifer sites. During the summer in the western mountains it can be very common, often fruiting in groups, sometimes from well rotted woody debris.
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: C. gentilis has a broad ecological range, occurring in moist environments as well as drier, upland conifer sites. During the summer in the western mountains it can be very common, often fruiting in groups, sometimes from well rotted woody debris.
Cortinarius glaucopus – bulbous Cortinarius, blue-foot webcap
Cortinarius hinnuleus – earthy webcap
Cortinarius infractus – sooty olive Cortinarius, bitter webcap
Cortinarius iodes – spotted Cort, viscid violet Cort
Cortinarius laniger – brown Cortinarius, hoary webcap, woolly webcap
Distribution: Widespread, but variable in its fruiting, in some years being rather common and in others being absent.
Habitat: C. laniger is characteristic of boreal and montane conifer forests.
Distribution: Widespread, but variable in its fruiting, in some years being rather common and in others being absent.
Habitat: C. laniger is characteristic of boreal and montane conifer forests.
Cortinarius montanus
Distribution: Cortinarius montanus can be very common and widespread, but often occurs as one or a few fruitbodies at a time.
Habitat: Common in older, cool, moist conifer forests.
Distribution: Cortinarius montanus can be very common and widespread, but often occurs as one or a few fruitbodies at a time.
Habitat: Common in older, cool, moist conifer forests.
Cortinarius mucifluus – slimy webcap
Cortinarius mucosus – slimy Cortinarius, orange webcap
Cortinarius muscigenus
Distribution: C. muscigenus varies in abundance from year to year, and in some seasons can be very common.
Habitat: mid- to high elevation conifer forests
Distribution: C. muscigenus varies in abundance from year to year, and in some seasons can be very common.
Habitat: mid- to high elevation conifer forests
Cortinarius mutabilis – purple-staining Cortinarius
Habitat: Occurs in a variety of habitats with different conifers and is more frequent in moist areas. Most commonly found along the coast, especially with Sitka spruce.
Habitat: Occurs in a variety of habitats with different conifers and is more frequent in moist areas. Most commonly found along the coast, especially with Sitka spruce.
Cortinarius neosanguineus – blood-red Cortinarius, northern red-dye, blood-red webcap
Cortinarius obtusus – little brown Cortinarius
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Widespread species found in a variety of habitats including pine forests and alpine areas with dwarf birch
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Widespread species found in a variety of habitats including pine forests and alpine areas with dwarf birch
Cortinarius olympianus
Distribution: Varies in abundance from year to year
Habitat: Low to mid-elevation conifer forests
Distribution: Varies in abundance from year to year
Habitat: Low to mid-elevation conifer forests
Cortinarius pallidifolius – pale Cortinarius
Cortinarius percomis – fragrant Cortinarius
Cortinarius pseudobulliardoides
Distribution: Northern hemisphere.
Habitat: Coniferous forests, under Abies, Picea, Pinus and Tsuga.
Substrate: Soil.
Distribution: Northern hemisphere.
Habitat: Coniferous forests, under Abies, Picea, Pinus and Tsuga.
Substrate: Soil.
Cortinarius purpurascens – bruising webcap
Cortinarius rubellus – deadly webcap
Cortinarius scaurus – green webcap
Cortinarius smithii – western red-capped Cortinarius, western red-dye
Cortinarius subtortus – incense webcap
Cortinarius traganus – pungent Cort, lilac conifer Cortinarius, gassy webcap
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Abundant in the far-western mountane and boreal regions, but is much less frequent in the Rocky Mountains.
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Abundant in the far-western mountane and boreal regions, but is much less frequent in the Rocky Mountains.
Cortinarius trivialis – early Cortinarius
Cortinarius vanduzerensis – pointed Cortinarius
Distribution: Common
Habitat: Coastal conifer forests from northern California to southern Canada.
Distribution: Common
Habitat: Coastal conifer forests from northern California to southern Canada.
Cortinarius variicolor – contrary webcap
Cortinarius variosimilis
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Western North America, occurring both in Rocky Mountain spruce-fir forests and the forests of the Cascades and coastal ranges.
Distribution: Broad
Habitat: Western North America, occurring both in Rocky Mountain spruce-fir forests and the forests of the Cascades and coastal ranges.
Cortinarius violaceus – violet Cort, violet Cortinarius, violet webcap
Distribution: In some years it is difficult to find but in general it is commonly encountered, but usually in small numbers.
Habitat: Widespread in older forests in PNW region, but much less common in the interior mountains than nearer the coast.
Distribution: In some years it is difficult to find but in general it is commonly encountered, but usually in small numbers.
Habitat: Widespread in older forests in PNW region, but much less common in the interior mountains than nearer the coast.
Cotylidia pannosa – woolly rosette
Craterellus cornucopioides – angel-of-death, black chanterelle, fairy's loving cup, horn-of-plenty, black trumpet, trumpet-of-death
Craterellus tubaeformis – funnel chanterelle, trumpet chanterelle, winter chanterelle, winter craterelle, yellow-foot, yellowlegs
Distribution: Western West Coast
Habitat: Moist forest
Substrate: Mossy rotten wood
Distribution: Western West Coast
Habitat: Moist forest
Substrate: Mossy rotten wood
Crepidotus epibryus – little white crep
Crepidotus mollis – jelly crep, flabby Crepidotus, peeling oysterling
Crucibulum laeve – common bird's nest fungus, yellow bird's nest fungus, common birds' nest, white-egg bird's nest
Cryptoporus volvatus – cryptic globe fungus, veiled polypore
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington. Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Origin: Native
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington. Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Origin: Native
Cudoniella clavus
Distribution: It is widespread, but not particularly common.
Substrate: C. clavus occurs in spring and early summer on very wet plant debris, such as cones and twigs, often at least partly submerged in running water.
Distribution: It is widespread, but not particularly common.
Substrate: C. clavus occurs in spring and early summer on very wet plant debris, such as cones and twigs, often at least partly submerged in running water.
Cyathus stercoreus – splash-cup bird's-nest, dung-loving bird's-nest fungus, dung bird's nest
Cyathus striatus – fluted bird's-nest, streaked bird's-nest, splash cups, ribbed splashcup
Habitat: It can be common in gardens where woody materials have been added to the planting beds.
Substrate: Cyathus striatus occurs in a number of different habitats on decaying plant materials such as wood chips, small branches, and needles.
Habitat: It can be common in gardens where woody materials have been added to the planting beds.
Substrate: Cyathus striatus occurs in a number of different habitats on decaying plant materials such as wood chips, small branches, and needles.
Cyphellostereum laeve
Substrate: It occurs on mosses, usually hair caps (Polytrichum spp.) and is common in late summer and fall in our moist conifer forests, especially along trails and other areas where mossbeds are found.
Spores: colorless, non-amyloid, smooth, rounded, and 4--5 x 2.5--3 μm
Substrate: It occurs on mosses, usually hair caps (Polytrichum spp.) and is common in late summer and fall in our moist conifer forests, especially along trails and other areas where mossbeds are found.
Spores: colorless, non-amyloid, smooth, rounded, and 4--5 x 2.5--3 μm
Cystoderma fallax – conifer Cystoderma
Distribution: Only in North America
Habitat: It occurs in a variety of habitats, including conifer, mixed, and hardwood forests on litter, humus, rotting wood, and in mosses.
Distribution: Only in North America
Habitat: It occurs in a variety of habitats, including conifer, mixed, and hardwood forests on litter, humus, rotting wood, and in mosses.
Cytidia salicina – scarlet-splash
