Solanum
nightshade
10 species
2 subspecies and varieties
2 subspecies and varieties
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Solanum americanum – American black nightshade
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east along the southern border of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, roadsides, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia south to California, east along the southern border of the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed open areas, roadsides, waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Solanum dulcamara – felonwort, bittersweet nightshade, climbing nightshade
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Thickets, clearings and open woods, usually in moist soil
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Thickets, clearings and open woods, usually in moist soil
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Solanum elaeagnifolium – white horse nettle, silver-leaf nightshade
Origin: Introduced from Mexico and eastern United States
Growth Duration: Perennial
Origin: Introduced from Mexico and eastern United States
Growth Duration: Perennial
Solanum lycopersicum – tomato
Distribution: Known from scattered locations in Whatcom and King counties in Washington; likely escaping as occasional waif anywhere where cultivated in North America.
Habitat: Sunny, moist, open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Known from scattered locations in Whatcom and King counties in Washington; likely escaping as occasional waif anywhere where cultivated in North America.
Habitat: Sunny, moist, open, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Solanum nigrum – European black nightshade
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides and other disturbed sites, especially in moister areas; often in urban and suburban areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides and other disturbed sites, especially in moister areas; often in urban and suburban areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: July-November
Growth Duration: Annual
Solanum physalifolium – hairy nightshade
Origin: Introduced
Origin: Introduced
• var. nitidibaccatum – ground-cherry nightshade
Solanum rostratum – buffalo bur, horned nightshade
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington, where it is considered a noxious weed; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced from central US
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: Widely distributed throughout Washington, where it is considered a noxious weed; widely distributed throughout North America.
Habitat: Roadsides and other disturbed areas, often where dry.
Origin: Introduced from central US
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual
Solanum triflorum – cut-leaf nightshade
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; widespread throughout North America, except eastern U.S.
Habitat: Weedy native in fields and roadsides, often in undisturbed sites at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Distribution: East of the Cascades in Washington; widespread throughout North America, except eastern U.S.
Habitat: Weedy native in fields and roadsides, often in undisturbed sites at low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Annual
